Changes

****Streptococcus equi subsp. zooepidemicus

****Streptococcus equi subsp. zooepidemicus

*****Can infect the respiratory tract (nasal cavity, paranasal sinuses, trachea and bronchi/bronchioles)

*****Can infect the respiratory tract (nasal cavity, paranasal sinuses, trachea and bronchi/bronchioles)

**URT infection can be indistinguishable clinically from Strangles, but does not cause suppurative lymphadenitis (cf: S.equi subsp. equi)

*****URT infection can be indistinguishable clinically from Strangles, but does not cause suppurative lymphadenitis (cf: S.equi subsp. equi)

**Fungal infections  

***Fungal infections  

**Filamentous fungal organisms

****Filamentous fungal organisms

**Aspergillus fumigatus

*****Aspergillus fumigatus

**Guttural pouch infections in horses - fungal plaques form on the adventitia of the carotid arteries can lead to catastrophic haemorrhage following erosion of carotid arteries!

*****Guttural pouch infections in horses - fungal plaques form on the adventitia of the carotid arteries can lead to catastrophic haemorrhage following erosion of carotid arteries!

**Nasal infection in dogs and cats - plaques develop on the nasal or paranasal sinus epithelium. Result in severe neutrophilic rhinitis/sinusitis. Can occur secondary to areas of mucosal compromise eg: adjacent to a space-occupying lesion.

*****Nasal infection in dogs and cats - plaques develop on the nasal or paranasal sinus epithelium. Result in severe neutrophilic rhinitis/sinusitis. Can occur secondary to areas of mucosal compromise eg: adjacent to a space-occupying lesion.

**Mucor spp.

*****Mucor spp.

**Yeast-like fungal organisms  

****Yeast-like fungal organisms  

**Cryptococcus neoformans  

*****Cryptococcus neoformans  

**Most commonly in cats and dogs

******Most commonly in cats and dogs

**Chronic granulomatous rhinitis

******Chronic granulomatous rhinitis

**Can invade through adjacent structures, eg: through the cribiform plate into the brain! These cases therefore can present as a primary neurological disease.

******Can invade through adjacent structures, eg: through the cribiform plate into the brain! These cases therefore can present as a primary neurological disease.

**Parasitic infections   

***Parasitic infections   

**Insecta

****Insecta

**Oestrus ovis larvae in the nasal cavity of sheep and goats

*****Oestrus ovis larvae in the nasal cavity of sheep and goats

**'Nasal bots'

**'***Nasal bots'