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Clostridium species (view source)

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<big><center>[[Bacteria|'''BACK TO BACTERIA''']]</center></big>

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==~~Clostridia~~==

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===Overview===

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*Organisms present in the soil, alimentary tract and faeces

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*Endospores may be present in liver and may be reactivated to cause disease

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*Neurotoxic clostridia, ''Clostridium tetani'' and ''Clostridium botulinum'' affect neuromuscular function but cause no tissue damage

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*Histotoxic clostridia cause localised lesions in tissues and may cause toxaemia

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*''C. perfringens'' cause inflammatory lesions in the gastrointestinal tract and enterotoxaemia

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===Characteristics===

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*Large Gram-positive rods

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*Obligate anaerobes

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*Fermentative, catalase negative, oxidase negative

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*Straight or slightly curved

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*Motile by flagellae

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*Require enriched media for growth

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*Produce endospores which vary in shape and location and cause bulging of mother cell

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===Pathogenesis and pathogenicity===

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*''C. perfringens'' colonies are surrounded by a zone of double haemolysis

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* ''Clostrisium'' bacteria are Gram-positive and obligate anaerobes.

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~~==Species==~~

===Clostridium botulinum===

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