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===Signs===
 
===Signs===
In cattle, sheep, goats and horses
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In '''cattle, sheep, goats''' and '''horses'''
One or two sudden deaths in a herd
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* One or two sudden deaths in a herd
Dark bloody discharge from mouth, nostrils and anus (blood can fail to clot)
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* Dark bloody discharge from mouth, nostrils and anus (blood can fail to clot)
Absence of rigor mortis  
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* Absence of rigor mortis  
Bloating
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* Bloating
Other signs – DROP DOWN LIST (Sudden temperature, Depression, Neurological signs such as staggering or trembling, Cyanosis, Difficulty breathing, Decrease in stomach movement, Swellings under the skin, reddened or spotty gums, shivering)
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* Other signs – DROP DOWN LIST (Sudden temperature, Depression, Neurological signs such as staggering or trembling, Cyanosis, Difficulty breathing, Decrease in stomach movement, Swellings under the skin, reddened or spotty gums, shivering)
In pigs
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Swelling around the head, or neck, which can cause death from not being able to breathe
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In '''pigs'''
An intestinal form is possible, signs are diarrhoea, inappetence and lethargy
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* Swelling around the head, or neck, which can cause death from not being able to breathe
In dogs
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* An intestinal form is possible, signs are diarrhoea, inappetence and lethargy
Rarely seen, but can get inflammation around the throat and pharynx
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In '''dogs'''
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* Rarely seen, but can get inflammation around the throat and pharynx
    
<font color="red">'''Humans''' - Usually swollen cutaneous lesions (Link) and can also have digestive or inhalation forms. </font color>
 
<font color="red">'''Humans''' - Usually swollen cutaneous lesions (Link) and can also have digestive or inhalation forms. </font color>
    
===Diagnosis===
 
===Diagnosis===
Anthrax should be suspected in cases of sudden death in animals. Possible anthrax cases should not be cut open or eaten as there is a risk to both animal and human health.
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* Anthrax should be suspected in cases of sudden death in animals. Possible anthrax cases should not be cut open or eaten as there is a risk to both animal and human health.
Blood smear (can be taken from ear vein of a carcass) stained with methylene blue will show large numbers of rod shaped bacteria  (Link)
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* Blood smear (can be taken from ear vein of a carcass) stained with methylene blue will show large numbers of rod shaped bacteria  (Link)
    
<font color="red">'''Humans''' - Fluid from cutaneous wounds will show the bacteria in stained smears. Do not cut open, handle, or eat any potentially infected animals.</font color>
 
<font color="red">'''Humans''' - Fluid from cutaneous wounds will show the bacteria in stained smears. Do not cut open, handle, or eat any potentially infected animals.</font color>
    
===Treatment and prevention===
 
===Treatment and prevention===
Penicillin for affected animals. Treat animals at risk and move to uncontaminated pasture
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* Penicillin for affected animals. Treat animals at risk and move to uncontaminated pasture
Vaccination (Do not use antibiotics within one week of vaccine)
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* Vaccination (Do not use antibiotics within one week of vaccine)
Disposal of potential anthrax infected carcases (burning the carcass and disinfecting site)
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* Disposal of potential anthrax infected carcases (burning the carcass and disinfecting site)
    
<font color="red">'''Humans''' - Antibiotic treatment for 3-7d if uncomplicated, penicillin is a good first choice (Link)</font color>
 
<font color="red">'''Humans''' - Antibiotic treatment for 3-7d if uncomplicated, penicillin is a good first choice (Link)</font color>
    
===Diseases with similar signs===
 
===Diseases with similar signs===
Toxin ingestion
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* Toxin ingestion
Bacterial or Clostridial infection
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* Bacterial or Clostridial infection
Bloat
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* Bloat
Traumatic injury
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* Traumatic injury
Acidosis
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* Acidosis
Any condition resulting in Sudden death
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* Any condition resulting in Sudden death
    
===Geotag this disease ===
 
===Geotag this disease ===
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