Changes

==Introduction==

==Introduction==

Professional periodontal therapy is performed under general anaesthesia and includes supra-and subgingival scaling, rootplaning and tooth crown polishing. The aim of treatment differs whether the patient has gingivitis only or if there is also periodontitis. Professional periodontal treatment is carried out to deal with plaque retentive surfaces and reduce areas of plaque stagnation, ensuring the mouth is then in the best condition to enable the client to provide ongoing plaque control.   

Professional periodontal therapy is performed under general anaesthesia and includes supra-and subgingival scaling, rootplaning and tooth crown polishing. The aim of treatment differs when the patient has gingivitis only or if there is also periodontitis. Professional periodontal treatment is carried out to deal with plaque retentive surfaces and reduce areas of plaque stagnation, ensuring the mouth is then in the best condition to enable the client to provide ongoing plaque control.   

'''Supragingival scaling''' is the removal of plaque and calculus above the gingival margin. It can be performed using hand instruments alone or a combination of hand instruments and powered scalers.  

'''Supragingival scaling''' is the removal of plaque and calculus above the gingival margin. It can be performed using hand instruments alone or a combination of hand instruments and powered scalers.  

'''Subgingival scaling''' is the removal of plaque, calculus and other debris from the tooth surface below the gingival margin, i.e. within the gingival sulcus or periodontal pocket. Using an explorer probe, feel for the presence of subgingival deposits and only remove if identified.  

 

'''Subgingival scaling''' is the removal of plaque, calculus and other debris from the tooth surface below the gingival margin, i.e. within the gingival sulcus or periodontal pocket. Using an explorer probe, the presence of subgingival deposits should be felt for and these should only be removed if identified.  

 

'''Root planing''' is the removal of the superficial layer of toxin-laden cementum from the root surfaces. Root planing produces a smooth root surface which is less likely to accumulate plaque and more likely to permit epithelial reattachment.

'''Root planing''' is the removal of the superficial layer of toxin-laden cementum from the root surfaces. Root planing produces a smooth root surface which is less likely to accumulate plaque and more likely to permit epithelial reattachment.

==Process==

==Process==

====Step 1:====  

====Step 1:====  

Prior to scaling and polishing, the mouth needs to be examined as scaling may artificially increase certain assessments for example gingivitis.  

Prior to scaling and polishing, the mouth needs to be examined, as scaling may artificially increase certain assessments; for example gingivitis.  

====Step 2:====

====Step 2:====

Rinse the mouth with a chlorhexidine mouthwash. This reduces the bacterial aerosol created by ultrasonic scaling

Rinse the mouth with a chlorhexidine mouthwash. This reduces the bacterial aerosol created by ultrasonic scaling.

====Step 3:====

====Step 3:====

Remove any large pieces of calculus using extraction forceps (for example a pattern called 76N, which has small narrow beaks), without contacting or damaging the gingiva. (Pic4)

Remove any large pieces of calculus using extraction forceps (for example a pattern called 76N, which has small narrow beaks), without contacting or damaging the gingiva. (Pic4)