Changes

MAOA inhibitory drugs require dietary modification since they can become toxic in the presence of excess dietary tyramine. This is not the case with relatively selective MAOB inhibitors like selegiline. MAOA inhibitory drugs are NOT suitable alternatives to selegiline.

MAOA inhibitory drugs require dietary modification since they can become toxic in the presence of excess dietary tyramine. This is not the case with relatively selective MAOB inhibitors like selegiline. MAOA inhibitory drugs are NOT suitable alternatives to selegiline.

Selegiline reduces anxiety and depression mainly through its effect on dopamine. Although a selective inhibitor of MAOB, there is evidence that selegiline does also partially inhibit MAOA, so some of the related anti-depressant and anti-anxiety effects probably do occur. In addition there is some further evidence that it could possibly increase dopaminergic activity by other mechanisms. These include increased synthesis and release of dopamine into the synapse and interference with re-uptake of dopamine from the synapse. (Heinonen EH, Lammintausta R: A review of the pharmacology of selegiline. Acta Neurol Scand 84:(suppl. 136):44-59, 1991 and Heikkila RE, Cabbat FS, Manzino L, et al: Potentiation by deprenil of l-dopa induced circling in nigral-lesioned rats. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 15:75-79, 1981.)

Selegiline reduces anxiety and depression mainly through its effect on dopamine. Although a selective inhibitor of MAOB, there is evidence that selegiline does also partially inhibit MAOA, so some of the related anti-depressant and anti-anxiety effects probably do occur. In addition there is some further evidence that it could possibly increase dopaminergic activity by other mechanisms. These include increased synthesis and release of dopamine into the synapse and interference with re-uptake of dopamine from the synapse<ref>Heinonen EH, Lammintausta R: A review of the pharmacology of selegiline. Acta Neurol Scand 84:(suppl. 136):44-59, 1991</ref> <ref>Heikkila RE, Cabbat FS, Manzino L, et al: Potentiation by deprenil of l-dopa induced circling in nigral-lesioned rats. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 15:75-79, 1981.</ref>.

The main uses for selegiline are the treatment of fears and phobias, and cognitive decline where reduced dopamine levels are implicated [of the type that resembles dementia of the Alzheimer’s type, DAT]. Selegiline should be administered for a minimum of 4-8 weeks before evaluating efficacy. If there is not a considerable improvement after this time an increased dose may be necessary or re-evaluation of cause of the behavioural problem. Before treatment with selegiline other causes of abnormal behaviour should be ruled out.  

The main uses for selegiline are the treatment of fears and phobias, and cognitive decline where reduced dopamine levels are implicated [of the type that resembles dementia of the Alzheimer’s type, DAT]. Selegiline should be administered for a minimum of 4-8 weeks before evaluating efficacy. If there is not a considerable improvement after this time an increased dose may be necessary or re-evaluation of cause of the behavioural problem. Before treatment with selegiline other causes of abnormal behaviour should be ruled out.  

*Licensed [dog]

*Licensed (dog)

:*Treatment of behavioural problems of emotional origin [incl. Specific phobias]

:*Treatment of behavioural problems of emotional origin (including Specific phobia)

:*Cognitive decline [hypothetically of DAT].

:*Cognitive decline (hypothetically of DAT).

*Unlicensed

*Unlicensed

:*Other fear related problems [including aggression] <font color="red">- have also read that can cause an increase in aggression? - does this depend on the cause of aggression as to whether appropriate?</font>

:*Other fear related problems [including aggression] <font color="red">- have also read that can cause an increase in aggression? - does this depend on the cause of aggression as to whether appropriate?</font>

:*Spraying [fear related in cats]

:*Spraying [fear related in cats]

:*Hyperactivity

:*Hyperactivity

:*Compulsive/stereotypical disorders [predominantly involving fear]

:*Compulsive/stereotypical disorders (predominantly involving fear)

Some individuals treated with selegiline show signs of agitation and restlessness, which is a reason for drug withdrawal.

Some individuals treated with selegiline show signs of agitation and restlessness, which is a reason for drug withdrawal.

Note that most of the potential interactions relate to mixed and selective MAOA inhibitors in man, but it is sensible to be aware of these interactions when using a drug, like selegiline, that has a short history of use in veterinary medicine. Any adverse reaction should be reported via the NOAH reporting system.

Note that most of the potential interactions relate to mixed and selective MAOA inhibitors in man, but it is sensible to be aware of these interactions when using a drug, like selegiline, that has a short history of use in veterinary medicine. Any adverse reaction should be reported via the NOAH reporting system.

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[[Category:To Do - Behaviour GGP]]

[[Category:To Do - Behaviour GGP]]