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→Recognised Syndromes Related to Taurine Deficiency
====Recognised Syndromes Related to Taurine Deficiency====
====Recognised Syndromes Related to Taurine Deficiency====
[[Image:174223 Right4.jpg|right|200px|thumb|There is an area of tapetal hyperreflectivity surrounded by hyporeflectivity in the lateral tapetal fundus located at the area centralis.]]
[[Image:174223 Right4.jpg|right|200px|thumb|There is an area of tapetal hyperreflectivity surrounded by hyporeflectivity in the lateral tapetal fundus located at the area centralis.]]
[[File:Taurine-deficient cat.jpg|right|200px|thumb|2D echocardiography image of taurine deficiency related dilated cardiomyopathy]]
#'''Feline Central Retinal Degeneration (FCRD)''': Taurine deficient cats develop hyper-reflective lesions in the area centralis of the retina, which progresses to complete photoreceptor degeneration and ultimately blindness<ref>Anderson PA, et al. Biochemical lesions associated with taurine deficiency in the cat. J Anim Sci 1979;49:1227-1234.</ref>. This condition is not reversible, but is very rare in cats fed diets with adequate taurine content.
#'''Feline Central Retinal Degeneration (FCRD)''': Taurine deficient cats develop hyper-reflective lesions in the area centralis of the retina, which progresses to complete photoreceptor degeneration and ultimately blindness<ref>Anderson PA, et al. Biochemical lesions associated with taurine deficiency in the cat. J Anim Sci 1979;49:1227-1234.</ref>. This condition is not reversible, but is very rare in cats fed diets with adequate taurine content.
#'''Dilated Cardiomyopathy''': Taurine deficiency in now an uncommon cause of DCM in cats as commercial diets are supplements with adequate taurine levels. Cats with taurine-deficient DCM may present with subclinical disease or in overt heart failure. <span style="color:red">Echocardiography usually demonstrates left atrium enlargement, dilation of both ventricles (image to be provided),</span> and decreased left ventricular contractility<ref>Pion PD, et al. Myocardial failure in cats associated with low plasma taurine: a reversible cardiomyopathy. Science 1987;237:764-768.</ref>. Supplementation with oral taurine (250 - 500 mg orally twice a day) may improve clinical signs in 1-3 weeks.
#'''Dilated Cardiomyopathy''': Taurine deficiency in now an uncommon cause of DCM in cats as commercial diets are supplements with adequate taurine levels. Cats with taurine-deficient DCM may present with subclinical disease or in overt heart failure. <span style="color:red">Echocardiography usually demonstrates left atrium enlargement, dilation of both ventricles (image to be provided),</span> and decreased left ventricular contractility<ref>Pion PD, et al. Myocardial failure in cats associated with low plasma taurine: a reversible cardiomyopathy. Science 1987;237:764-768.</ref>. Supplementation with oral taurine (250 - 500 mg orally twice a day) may improve clinical signs in 1-3 weeks.