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Avian Digestive Tract - Anatomy & Physiology (view source)

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<big><center>[[Alimentary - Anatomy & Physiology|'''BACK TO ALIMENTARY - ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY''']]</center></big>

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==Introduction==

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Birds are endothermic vertebrates, many with a high core temperature of 41.3°C. The rapid heart rate (93-494 bpm)and respiratory rate (12-85) explain the fast metabolic rate of the avian species. This high basic metabolic rate influences the rate of drug absorbtion, metabolism and excretion and shoul be taken into account when anaesthetising these animals.

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The avian ailimentary system differs immensely from the basic mammalian design.

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::[[The Avian Oral Cavity - Anatomy & Physiology|The Oral Cavity]]

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::[[The Avian Tongue - Anatomy & Physiology|The Tongue]]

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::[[The Avian Hard Palate - Anatomy & Physiology|The Hard Palate]]

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::[[Crop- Anatomy and Physiology|The Oesophagus and Crop]]

::[[The Proventriculus - Anatomy & Physiology|The Proventriculus]]

::[[The Gizzard - Anamtomy & Physiology|The Gizzard]]

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