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==Process==
 
==Process==
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[[Image:Diagram of ruminating contractions.jpg|thumb|right|150px|Diagram of ruminating contractions - Copyright RVC 2008]]
 
*Reflex initiated by mechanical stimlation of the receptors in the mucosa of the reticulum, ruminoreticular fold and cardiac area of the rumen
 
*Reflex initiated by mechanical stimlation of the receptors in the mucosa of the reticulum, ruminoreticular fold and cardiac area of the rumen
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*E.g. Cattle fed on hay or straw have the most frequent contractions at 79-100 per hour during feeding, 55-76 per hour during rumination
 
*E.g. Cattle fed on hay or straw have the most frequent contractions at 79-100 per hour during feeding, 55-76 per hour during rumination
 
*E.g. Cattle that are resting (not feeding or ruminating) only have contractions 47-80 per hour
 
*E.g. Cattle that are resting (not feeding or ruminating) only have contractions 47-80 per hour
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*Discrete reticular contraction preceedes biphasic ruminal contraction
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*Associated with inspiration against a closed glottis creating a negative pressure in the thorax
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*Controlled by rumination centres in the hypothalamus
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*Fibre increases stomach motility
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*Increase in [[Volatile Fatty Acids - Anatomy & Physioogy|volatile fatty acids]] decrease stomach motility
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*Courseness of the ration influences the amount of time spent in rumination
 
*Courseness of the ration influences the amount of time spent in rumination
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**Cattle ruminate for up to 10 hours per day
 
**E.g. Hay diet spends roughly 8 hours per day ruminating
 
**E.g. Hay diet spends roughly 8 hours per day ruminating
 
**E.g. Ground dried grass diet spends roughly 5-9 hours per day ruminating
 
**E.g. Ground dried grass diet spends roughly 5-9 hours per day ruminating
 
**E.g. Concentrate diet spends roughly 2.5 hours per day ruminating
 
**E.g. Concentrate diet spends roughly 2.5 hours per day ruminating
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