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==Avian Nasopharynx and Oropharynx==
 
==Avian Nasopharynx and Oropharynx==
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*The nostrils of the bird, which lead into the [[Nasal Cavity - Anatomy & Physiology|nasal cavity]], may have a flap of horn to protect them, known as the ''Operculum''.
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*The nostrils of the bird, which lead into the [[Nasal cavity - Anatomy & Physiology|nasal cavity]], may have a flap of horn to protect them, known as the ''Operculum''.
 
*The Oral Cavity and the Nasal Cavity of the bird are interconnecting via a slit in the [[Hard Palate - Anatomy & Physiology|hard palate]] called the ''Choana''. Birds lack a [[Soft Palate - Anatomy & Physiology|soft palate]].
 
*The Oral Cavity and the Nasal Cavity of the bird are interconnecting via a slit in the [[Hard Palate - Anatomy & Physiology|hard palate]] called the ''Choana''. Birds lack a [[Soft Palate - Anatomy & Physiology|soft palate]].
 
[[Image:Avianheadsaggitalsection.jpg|right|thumb|350px|©Nottingham 2008 ''Saggital Section of an Avian skull showing the conchae.]]
 
[[Image:Avianheadsaggitalsection.jpg|right|thumb|350px|©Nottingham 2008 ''Saggital Section of an Avian skull showing the conchae.]]
*There are Rostral, Middle and Caudal Conchae arising from the lateral wall, filling part of the [[Nasal Cavity - Anatomy & Physiology|nasal cavity]].
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*There are Rostral, Middle and Caudal Conchae arising from the lateral wall, filling part of the [[Nasal cavity - Anatomy & Physiology|nasal cavity]].
 
**Rostral Conchae - Vestibular Region - lined with Stratified Squamous Epithelium
 
**Rostral Conchae - Vestibular Region - lined with Stratified Squamous Epithelium
 
**Middle Conchae - Respiratory Region - lined with [[Respiratory Epithelium - Anatomy & Physiology|Respiratory Epithelium]].
 
**Middle Conchae - Respiratory Region - lined with [[Respiratory Epithelium - Anatomy & Physiology|Respiratory Epithelium]].
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