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=====Pathogenesis=====  
 
=====Pathogenesis=====  
*Experimentally, the feeding of bracken to laboratory animals will result in alimentary and [[Bladder - Anatomy & Physiology|bladder]] tumours.  
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*Experimentally, the feeding of bracken to laboratory animals will result in alimentary and [[Urinary Bladder - Anatomy & Physiology|bladder]] tumours.  
 
*However, in many naturally-occurring cases of upper alimentary carcinoma in cattle there are coexisting viral papillomata, some of which show malignant change.  
 
*However, in many naturally-occurring cases of upper alimentary carcinoma in cattle there are coexisting viral papillomata, some of which show malignant change.  
 
*The relationship between the ingestion of bracken and the presence of virus in the aetiology of the malignancies is currently the subject of intensive investigations.  
 
*The relationship between the ingestion of bracken and the presence of virus in the aetiology of the malignancies is currently the subject of intensive investigations.