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Equine Infectious Anemia (view source)
Revision as of 19:23, 20 October 2008
, 19:23, 20 October 2008New page: {{unfinished}} {{toplink |linkpage =Viruses |linktext =VIRUSES |sublink1=Retroviridae |subtext1=RETROVIRIDAE |pagetype =Bugs }} <br> ====Pathogenesis==== *Virus coats red blood cells an...
{{unfinished}}
{{toplink
|linkpage =Viruses
|linktext =VIRUSES
|sublink1=Retroviridae
|subtext1=RETROVIRIDAE
|pagetype =Bugs
}}
<br>
====Pathogenesis====
*Virus coats red blood cells and thrombocytes
*'''Type III Immune complex disease''' develops
*Non-neutralizing antibody and complement lyse RBC's, causing:
**Jaundice
**Vasculitis
**Hemorrhage
**Diarrhoea
**Loss of condition
**Oedema
**High mortality
====Epidemiology====
*'''Notifiable''' in UK but '''endemic''' in parts of the US
*Animals can be '''carriers''' for years despite being '''antibody-positive'''
*Transfer is '''mechanical''' via '''vectors''':
**'''Mosquitoes''' transfer infected '''macrophages
*Also transferred via infected needles, semen and milk
*Infected horses have '''lifetime latent infection''' with recurring bouts of virus when '''immunocompromised'''
====Diagnosis====
*'''Coggins test''' required for horse movement in the US:
**Serum '''antibody''' by '''immunodiffusion''' in infected horse spleen
====Control====
*Slaughter of infected animal
*2 clear Coggins tests of all horses before movement allowed
*Vector control: stabling, etc.
{{toplink
|linkpage =Viruses
|linktext =VIRUSES
|sublink1=Retroviridae
|subtext1=RETROVIRIDAE
|pagetype =Bugs
}}
<br>
====Pathogenesis====
*Virus coats red blood cells and thrombocytes
*'''Type III Immune complex disease''' develops
*Non-neutralizing antibody and complement lyse RBC's, causing:
**Jaundice
**Vasculitis
**Hemorrhage
**Diarrhoea
**Loss of condition
**Oedema
**High mortality
====Epidemiology====
*'''Notifiable''' in UK but '''endemic''' in parts of the US
*Animals can be '''carriers''' for years despite being '''antibody-positive'''
*Transfer is '''mechanical''' via '''vectors''':
**'''Mosquitoes''' transfer infected '''macrophages
*Also transferred via infected needles, semen and milk
*Infected horses have '''lifetime latent infection''' with recurring bouts of virus when '''immunocompromised'''
====Diagnosis====
*'''Coggins test''' required for horse movement in the US:
**Serum '''antibody''' by '''immunodiffusion''' in infected horse spleen
====Control====
*Slaughter of infected animal
*2 clear Coggins tests of all horses before movement allowed
*Vector control: stabling, etc.