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==Coccidia of Cattle==
 
==Coccidia of Cattle==
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*Many species affect cattle
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*Cattle under a year old are usually infected sporadically
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*2-3 week prepatent period
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*''Eimeria bovis''
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**Endogenous stages in central lacteal of villi and epithelial cells of caecum and colon
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**Causes [[Intestine Diarrhoea - Pathology|diarrhoea]] and enteritis
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**Oocysts are 28x20m
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*''Eimeria zuernii''
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*Mainly occurs in calves in poor conditions and brought-in calves
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**Also occurs in suckler calves turned out in spring
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*''Eimeria alabamensis'' associated with [[Intestine Diarrhoea - Pathology|diarrhoea]] in calves after spring turnout
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*[[Materno-fetal immunity - WikiBlood#Passive transfer via colostrum|Passive immunity]] is sufficient during the neonatal period
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*Can be concurrent with cryptosporidium, viral and bacterial agents
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'''Diagnosis'''
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*History, clinical signs, [[Intestine Diarrhoea - Pathology|diarrhoea]] (often with blood) and a decrease in weight gain
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*Post-mortem
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**Diffuse inflammation and thickening of caecal mucosa (and sometimes ileal and colonic mucosa)
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**Masses of gamonts and oocysts in scrapings
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*High faecal oocyst count
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**However, healthy animals can pass millions of oocysts from mixed species infections which have no pathogenic significance
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**Animals may die before oocysts are shed
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'''Control'''
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*Improve husbandry
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**Improve sanitation
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**Increase bedding
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**Raise faecal and water troughs to avoid faecal contamination
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*Preventative in-feed medication
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**E.g. Decoquinate
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*Injectible antiprotozoals may limit oocyst production but animals should still be moved to a clean environment
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**E.g. Sulphamethoxypyridazine
    
==Coccidia of Sheep==
 
==Coccidia of Sheep==
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