Changes

*'''Black disease (Infectious Necrotic Hepatitis)''' - is caused by a toxin produced by ''Clostridium novyi'' type B. It is commonly associated with liver fluke infestation because:

*'''Black disease (Infectious Necrotic Hepatitis)''' - is caused by a toxin produced by ''Clostridium novyi'' type B. It is commonly associated with liver fluke infestation because:

**migrating flukes cause → liver necrosis, causing anaerobic conditions, and therefore clostridial multiplication, which leads to toxin production, causing disease.

**migrating flukes → liver necrosis → anaerobic conditions → clostridial multiplication → toxin production → disease.