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Principles of Fluid Therapy (view source)
Revision as of 21:55, 11 April 2009
, 21:55, 11 April 2009New page: {{unfinished}} ==What is Fluid Therapy?== '''Fluid Therapy''' is the administration of fluids to a patient as a treatment or preventative measure. It can be administered via an intravenous...
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==What is Fluid Therapy?==
'''Fluid Therapy''' is the administration of fluids to a patient as a treatment or preventative measure. It can be administered via an intravenous, intraperitoneal and subcutaneous routes. 60% of total bodyweight is accounted for by the total body water. This can further be divided into intracellular or extracellular as shown below.
[[Image:Body Compartments.jpg|Center]]
===Indications===
Selection of fluid type administered depends upon indications for why fluids are required. Some of these includes: -
*Hypotension
*Hypovolemia
*Electrolyte, metabolic and acid base disorders
*Decreased oxygen delivery
*Geriatric patients at risk of organ failure
==Definitions==
*'''''Osmosis''''' is the ''net movement'' of water across a semi permeable membrane. The movement is caused by a concentration gradient due to different solute concentrations.
*'''''Osmotic Pressure''''' is the pressure caused by the solutes within the solution. The solute concentration prevents water movement across the membrane.
*'''''Tonicity''''' is the term used to compare the osmotic pressure of different solutions
**A ''hypotonic'' solution is one that has an osmotic pressure '''lower''' than plasma.
**A ''isotonic'' solution is one that has an osmotic pressure '''the same''' than plasma.
**A ''hypertonic'' solution is one that has an osmotic pressure ''higher'' than plasma.
==Types of Fluids==
#Crystalloids
#Colloids
#Blood Products
==Fluid Rate Calculations==
==Special Considerations==
===Anaesthesia===
====Pre-anaesthetic====
====Intra-anaesthetic====
====Post-anaesthetic====
===Cardiac===
===Central Nervous System===
==What is Fluid Therapy?==
'''Fluid Therapy''' is the administration of fluids to a patient as a treatment or preventative measure. It can be administered via an intravenous, intraperitoneal and subcutaneous routes. 60% of total bodyweight is accounted for by the total body water. This can further be divided into intracellular or extracellular as shown below.
[[Image:Body Compartments.jpg|Center]]
===Indications===
Selection of fluid type administered depends upon indications for why fluids are required. Some of these includes: -
*Hypotension
*Hypovolemia
*Electrolyte, metabolic and acid base disorders
*Decreased oxygen delivery
*Geriatric patients at risk of organ failure
==Definitions==
*'''''Osmosis''''' is the ''net movement'' of water across a semi permeable membrane. The movement is caused by a concentration gradient due to different solute concentrations.
*'''''Osmotic Pressure''''' is the pressure caused by the solutes within the solution. The solute concentration prevents water movement across the membrane.
*'''''Tonicity''''' is the term used to compare the osmotic pressure of different solutions
**A ''hypotonic'' solution is one that has an osmotic pressure '''lower''' than plasma.
**A ''isotonic'' solution is one that has an osmotic pressure '''the same''' than plasma.
**A ''hypertonic'' solution is one that has an osmotic pressure ''higher'' than plasma.
==Types of Fluids==
#Crystalloids
#Colloids
#Blood Products
==Fluid Rate Calculations==
==Special Considerations==
===Anaesthesia===
====Pre-anaesthetic====
====Intra-anaesthetic====
====Post-anaesthetic====
===Cardiac===
===Central Nervous System===