Changes

significant infections such as ''Babesia spp.''. Tick-borne diseases are very rarely seen in donkeys in the UK. When the ticks are seen, the usual sites on the body where they attach are periocular region, ear base and pinna, poll, forehead and perineum. Although severe infestations can result in significant debility and anaemia, they seldom cause significant skin disease apart from a localised swelling and inflammation at the bite site that sometimes develops at the site of attachment. In these areas they cause excessive irritation and abscesses after they detach. Irritation to the eyelids attracts nuisance flies, causing conjunctivitis.  

significant infections such as ''Babesia spp.''. Tick-borne diseases are very rarely seen in donkeys in the UK. When the ticks are seen, the usual sites on the body where they attach are periocular region, ear base and pinna, poll, forehead and perineum. Although severe infestations can result in significant debility and anaemia, they seldom cause significant skin disease apart from a localised swelling and inflammation at the bite site that sometimes develops at the site of attachment. In these areas they cause excessive irritation and abscesses after they detach. Irritation to the eyelids attracts nuisance flies, causing conjunctivitis.  

A study made in the East Cape of South Africa has shown ticks as a major skin problem in donkeys in that area <font color='green'>(Wells, 1997)</font color>. The species identified feeding on donkeys include ''Amblyomma spp, Boophilus spp, Hyalomma spp'', and ''R. pulchellus, R. evarsi'' and ''R. turanicus'' (Sahibi and Bakkoury 1994, Feseha ''et al'', 1998).

A study made in the East Cape of South Africa has shown ticks as a major skin problem in donkeys in that area. The species identified feeding on donkeys include ''Amblyomma spp, Boophilus spp, Hyalomma spp'', and ''R. pulchellus, R. evarsi'' and ''R. turanicus'' (Sahibi and Bakkoury 1994, Feseha ''et al'', 1998).

==Clinical Signs==

==Clinical Signs==