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[[Image:Theileria parva life cycle.jpg|thumb|right|150px|''Theileria parva'' Life Cycle Diagram - Dennis Jacobs & Mark Fox RVC]]
[[Image:Lymph node smear East Coast Fever.jpg|thumb|right|150px|Lymph node smear of a cow with East Coast Fever - Drs. Elizabeth Howerth and Bruce LeRoy, Department of Pathology, UGA College of Veterinary Medicine]]
[[Image:H and E stain brain East Coast Fever.jpg|thumb|right|150px|H and E stain of brain and meningal vessels of a cow with East Coast Fever - Drs. Elizabeth Howerth and Bruce LeRoy, Department of Pathology, UGA College of Veterinary Medicine]]
[[Image:Theileria cervi.jpg|thumb|right|150px|''Theileria cervi'' (deer) - Drs. Elizabeth Howerth and Bruce LeRoy, Department of Pathology, UGA College of Veterinary Medicine]]
*Main species of veterinary importance is ''Theileria parva''
**Causes '''East Coast Fever'''
***Severe, proliferative lymphatic disease of cattle
***Central and Eastern Africa
***Transmitted by [[Hard Ticks - Overseas|''Rhipicephalus appendiculatus'']]
***[[Ticks#Disease Transmission|Trans-stadial]] transmission
*Other ''Theileria'' species cause production losses in cattle and sheep in the Middle East, Mediterranean and in Northern Africa
'''Life Cycle'''
*Incubation phase lasts 1 week
*Lymphoblast proliferation
**Local [[Lymph Nodes - Anatomy & Physiology|lymph node]] first infected then spreads through body
**Occurs in week two
*Lymphoid depletion
**[[Lymphocytes - WikiBlood|Lymphocytes]] killed
**Decreases lymphopoiesis
**Occurs in week 3
*Total incubation period takes about 18 days
'''Diagnosis'''
*Clinical signs
**Pyrexia
**Enlarged local [[Lymph Nodes - Anatomy & Physiology|lymph node]]
***Usually parotid [[Lymph Nodes - Anatomy & Physiology|lymph node]] as [[Hard Ticks - Overseas|''Rhipicephalus appendiculatus'']] feeds in the ear
**Loss of condition
*Examine Giemsa stained smears of:
**Local [[Lymph Nodes - Anatomy & Physiology|lymph node]] aspirated for schizonts
**Blood smears for piroplasms in red blood cells
*Post-mortem
**Pulmonary oedema
**Gut mucosal haemorrhages
**[[Lymph Nodes - Anatomy & Physiology|Lymph node]] and [[Spleen - Anatomy & Physiology|splenic]] cellular atrophy
'''Control'''
*Integrated control of both the [[Tick Control|tick vector]] and disease
**[[Vaccines - WikiBlood|Vaccination]] and [[Ectoparasiticides]]
*Current [[Vaccines - WikiBlood|vaccination]] is live unattentuated
**Contains frozen stabilate of ground up tick gut containing infective sporozoites
**Long lasting oxytetracycline administered at the same time to slow down schizogony giving the immune response time to develop[[Category:Piroplasmida]]