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| | '''[[Piroplasmida Flashcards]] | | '''[[Piroplasmida Flashcards]] |
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| − | ===Tissue Cyst Forming Coccidia===
| + | '''[[Tissue Cyst Forming Coccidian Flashcards]] |
| − | <FlashCard questions="13">
| + | |
| − | |q1=What are the two main species of ''Neospora'' of veterinary interest and which animals do they affect?
| + | |
| − | |a1=
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| − | *N. caninum
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| − | **Dogs
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| − | *N. hughesi
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| − | **Horses
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| − | |l1=Tissue cyst-forming coccidia#Neospora
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| − | |q2=How long is the prepatent period of ''Neospora''?
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| − | |a2=5 days
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| − | |l2=Tissue cyst-forming coccidia#Neospora
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| − | |q3=What are the clinical signs of ''Neospora'' infections in dogs?
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| − | |a3=
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| − | *Ascending paralysis
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| − | *Sudden collapse due to myocarditis
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| − | *Muscle wasting
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| − | |l3=Tissue cyst-forming coccidia#Neospora
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| − | |q4=What are the clinical signs of ''Neospora'' infections in cattle?
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| − | |a4=
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| − | *Abortion
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| − | *Encephalomyelitis
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| − | *Paresis
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| − | |l4=Tissue cyst-forming coccidia#Neospora
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| − | |q5=What are the clinical signs of ''Neospora'' infections in horses?
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| − | |a5=Myeloencephalitis
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| − | |l5=Tissue cyst-forming coccidia#Neospora
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| − | |q6=How many intermediate and final hosts does ''Sarcocystis'' have?
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| − | |a6=
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| − | *One final host
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| − | *One intermediate host
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| − | |l6=Tissue cyst-forming coccidia#Sarcocystis
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| − | |q7=True or False: ''Sarcocystis'' infections are mainly asymptomatic
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| − | |a7=True
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| − | |l7=Tissue cyst-forming coccidia#Sarcocystis
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| − | |q8=What is Equine protozoal myeloencephalitis?
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| − | |a8=
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| − | *Necrotising encephalomyelitis affecting the grey and white matter of the CNS
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| − | *Caused by S. neurona
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| − | *Causes spinal cord dysfunction leading to ataxia and paralysis
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| − | |l8=Tissue cyst-forming coccidia#Sarcocystis
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| − | |q9=What is the most pathogenic species of ''Toxoplasma''?
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| − | |a9=T. gondii
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| − | |l9=Tissue cyst-forming coccidia#Toxoplasma
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| − | |q10=True or False: The life cycle of ''Toxoplasma'' is direct
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| − | |a10=
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| − | *False
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| − | *The life cycle is complex
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| − | *Described as facultatively heterozygous
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| − | |l10=Tissue cyst-forming coccidia#Toxoplasma
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| − | |q11=Describe the acute phase of ''Toxoplasma'' infections
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| − | |a11=
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| − | *Asexual reproduction in the cell by endodyogeny (budding) producing 8-16 tachyzoites
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| − | *Tachyzoites are released when host cell bursts
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| − | *Haematogenous spread as more cells are infected
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| − | *Infection continues until the animal develops immunity (around 2 weeks) at which point the infection enters the chronic phase
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| − | |l11=Tissue cyst-forming coccidia#Toxoplasma
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| − | |q12=Describe the chronic phase of ''Toxoplasma'' infections
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| − | |a12=
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| − | *Slow growing intracellular bradyzoites become walled off forming infective cysts
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| − | *Bradyzoites are protected from the host immune response (whereas extracellular tachyzoites are killed)
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| − | *Cysts remain viable for months to years in muscle and nervous tissue
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| − | *If immunity is suppressed the infection can revert to the acute form
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| − | |l12=Tissue cyst-forming coccidia#Toxoplasma
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| − | |q13=How can ''Toxoplasma'' infections be prevented?
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| − | |a13=
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| − | *ELISA to check for seropositive cats
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| − | *Humans can avoid oocyst ingestion
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| − | *Humans can avoid tissue cyst ingestion
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| − | *Sheep can be vaccinated or given medicated feed
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| − | |l13=Tissue cyst-forming coccidia#Toxoplasma
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| − | </FlashCard>
| |
| | ===Tropical Protozoa=== | | ===Tropical Protozoa=== |
| | <FlashCard questions="8"> | | <FlashCard questions="8"> |