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**Also known as Cyathostomins (preferred term), cyathostomes, trichonemes or small redworms
**Also known as Cyathostomins (preferred term), cyathostomes, trichonemes or small redworms
**Cyathostomins (widespread, including 4 genera and over 40 species of worms)
**Cyathostomins (widespread, including 4 genera and over 40 species of worms)
=== Large strongyles ===
==== Morphology ====
'''Gross'''
*Stout worms, 1.5-5cm long
*Large buccal capsule
*Bursa visible to the naked eye (male worms only)
'''Microscopic''' (buccal capsule)
*Double row of leaf crowns
*Teeth (0, 2, 3 or more)
*Dorsal gutter (channel for secretions)
==== Life-cycle ====
Infection with all three ''Strongylus'' species and ''Triodontophorus'' is by ingestion of infective stage larvae (L3) at grazing. Larvae pass down the intestinal tract and penetrate the intestinal mucosa at which point there are important species differences in life-cycle.
==== Pathogenicity ====
'''Adult Worms''':
*Plug feeders
*''Strongylus'' species:
**Large buccal capsule
**Penetrate right down to the muscularis layer and blood vessels
**Leaves small circular bleeding ulcers → anaemia if present in large numbers
*''Triodontophorus'':
**Smaller buccal capsule
**More superficial damage
**May feed in "herds", leaving large ulcers, several centimetres across
*Ulcers heal and leave scars
[[Category:Nematodes]][[Category:Horse]]
[[Category:Nematodes]][[Category:Horse]]