Changes

*Atropine as a premedicant is considered unnecessary except in small reptiles since salivary excretions are generally not a problem.

*Atropine as a premedicant is considered unnecessary except in small reptiles since salivary excretions are generally not a problem.

*Intake of food and water should be monitored so that they can later be used to assess the postoperative recovery.  

*Intake of food and water should be monitored so that they can later be used to assess the postoperative recovery.  

** '''Lizards''': as regurgitation is rare in these patients, starvation is not necessary.

** Lizards: as regurgitation is rare in these patients, starvation is not necessary.

** '''Snakes''': regurgitation is more likely to occur in a snake that has recently fed, therefore fasting is recommended if the snake's condition allows it. Duration is related to the size of the animal and the frequency of feeding; this may be from 12 hours upwards.  

** Snakes: regurgitation is more likely to occur in a snake that has recently fed, therefore fasting is recommended if the snake's condition allows it. Duration is related to the size of the animal and the frequency of feeding; this may be from 12 hours upwards.  

*The use of water baths or electrolyte solutions in the days prior to a procedure may be beneficial in ensuring that a suitable state of hydration is present.  

*The use of water baths or electrolyte solutions in the days prior to a procedure may be beneficial in ensuring that a suitable state of hydration is present.  

*As in any species, stress should be kept to a minimum, and preplacing a catheter before induction is recommended.  

*As in any species, stress should be kept to a minimum, and preplacing a catheter before induction is recommended.