Changes

   

   

*'''Caused by''':

*'''Caused by''':

**Bacteria most commonly (e.g. [[Teeth - Pathology#Mandibular Osteomyelitis|lumpy jaw]] in cattle due to [[Actinomycetes|''Actinomyces bovis'']])

**Bacteria most commonly (e.g. [[Teeth - Pathology#Mandibular Osteomyelitis|lumpy jaw]] in cattle due to ''[[Actinomyces bovis]]'')

**Viruses, fungi and protozoa less commonly

**Viruses, fungi and protozoa less commonly

*Mainly due to haematogenous spread in young animals

*Mainly due to haematogenous spread in young animals

*Often as an extension from [[Joints Inflammatory - Pathology#Arthritis|suppurative arthritis]]

*Often as an extension from [[Joints Inflammatory - Pathology#Arthritis|suppurative arthritis]]

*Usually isolated: [[Actinomycetes|''Actinomyces pyogenes'']], [[Salmonella|''Salmonella'']], [[Escherichia coli|''E.coli'']], [[Klebsiella|''Klebsiella'']], [[Streptococci|''Streptococci'']]

*Usually isolated: ''[[Actinomyces pyogenes]]'', [[Salmonella|''Salmonella'']], [[Escherichia coli|''E.coli'']], [[Klebsiella|''Klebsiella'']], [[Streptococci|''Streptococci'']]

*Metaphyses and epiphyses mostly affected

*Metaphyses and epiphyses mostly affected

*Most infections are exacerbated by host response

*Most infections are exacerbated by host response

*'''Vertebral osteomyelitis'''

*'''Vertebral osteomyelitis'''

**Lesions may affect the spinal cord

**Lesions may affect the spinal cord

**Usually due to [[Actinomycetes|''Actinomyces pyogenes'']]

**Usually due to ''[[Actinomyces pyogenes]]''

**Suppurative inflammation may cause fracture of vertebral body -> dorsal displacement -> damage to spinal cord

**Suppurative inflammation may cause fracture of vertebral body -> dorsal displacement -> damage to spinal cord

**May form encapsulated abscess protruding into spinal canal -> spinal cord compression

**May form encapsulated abscess protruding into spinal canal -> spinal cord compression

*'''''Actinomycosis'''''

*'''''Actinomycosis'''''

**= '''Lumpy jaw''' in cattle

**= '''Lumpy jaw''' in cattle

**Caused by [[Actinomycetes|''Actinomyces bovis'']]

**Caused by ''[[Actinomyces bovis]]''

***Gram positive, branching, filamentous  

***Gram positive, branching, filamentous  

***Obligatory parasite of mucous membranes of [[Oral Cavity - Oropharynx - Anatomy & Physiology|oropharynx]]

***Obligatory parasite of mucous membranes of [[Oral Cavity - Oropharynx - Anatomy & Physiology|oropharynx]]