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Created page with '*with supportive hepatitis *especially common in cattle and sheep =====Causes===== *bacteria involved **''Fusobacterium necrophorum'' 80% + **''Arcanobacterium pyogenes'' **''Str…'
*with supportive hepatitis
*especially common in cattle and sheep
=====Causes=====
*bacteria involved
**''Fusobacterium necrophorum'' 80% +
**''Arcanobacterium pyogenes''
**''Streptococcus''
**''Staphylococcus''
**''Bacteroides''
*spread from umbilicus in young animals
**omphalophlebitis (navel ill)
**usually mixed bacteria
***''Actinomyces pyogenes''
***''Staphylococci'' (predominates)
*haematogenously from other pyaemic source
**eg metritis or mastitis
**bacteria invade ruminal wall and enter portal circulation to [[Liver - Anatomy & Physiology|liver]]
*from rumenitis caused by overfeeding with grain
**erosion of ruminal epithelium due to acidosis
=====Clinical Signs=====
*subclinical
*detected at exploratory laparotomy or sluaghter
*weight loss (most important)
*decreased weight gain or milk yields
*sporadic fever and anorexia
NB: animals can appear in good health as long as abscesses do not rupture
=====Gross=====
*large
*pale greenish-yellow pus
*thick fibrous capsule
=====Sequelae=====
*variable
**resorption and healing
**abscess may extend into the heaptic vein
***give rise to thrombosis in the caudal vena cava
***possible pulmonary abscesses
***endocarditis
**fibrous adhesion to adjacent viscera
***if the abscess is near the surface
**epistaxis, sudden death
NB: in many cases, abscesses are incidental findings at slaughter and result in condemnation of the affected [[Liver - Anatomy & Physiology|livers]] [[Category:Hepatitis, Bacterial]]
*especially common in cattle and sheep
=====Causes=====
*bacteria involved
**''Fusobacterium necrophorum'' 80% +
**''Arcanobacterium pyogenes''
**''Streptococcus''
**''Staphylococcus''
**''Bacteroides''
*spread from umbilicus in young animals
**omphalophlebitis (navel ill)
**usually mixed bacteria
***''Actinomyces pyogenes''
***''Staphylococci'' (predominates)
*haematogenously from other pyaemic source
**eg metritis or mastitis
**bacteria invade ruminal wall and enter portal circulation to [[Liver - Anatomy & Physiology|liver]]
*from rumenitis caused by overfeeding with grain
**erosion of ruminal epithelium due to acidosis
=====Clinical Signs=====
*subclinical
*detected at exploratory laparotomy or sluaghter
*weight loss (most important)
*decreased weight gain or milk yields
*sporadic fever and anorexia
NB: animals can appear in good health as long as abscesses do not rupture
=====Gross=====
*large
*pale greenish-yellow pus
*thick fibrous capsule
=====Sequelae=====
*variable
**resorption and healing
**abscess may extend into the heaptic vein
***give rise to thrombosis in the caudal vena cava
***possible pulmonary abscesses
***endocarditis
**fibrous adhesion to adjacent viscera
***if the abscess is near the surface
**epistaxis, sudden death
NB: in many cases, abscesses are incidental findings at slaughter and result in condemnation of the affected [[Liver - Anatomy & Physiology|livers]] [[Category:Hepatitis, Bacterial]]