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Created page with 'right|thumb|100px|<small><center>Pancreatic necrosis (Image sourced from Bristol Biomed Image Archive with permission)</center></small> *(Often…'
[[Image:Pancreatic necrosis.jpg|right|thumb|100px|<small><center>Pancreatic necrosis (Image sourced from Bristol Biomed Image Archive with permission)</center></small>]]
*(Often interchangable with [[Pancreatitis, Acute Haemorrhagic|acute pancreatitis]] or [[Pancreas Degenerative - Pathology#Exocrine pancreatic atrophy|atrophy]])
===Clinical signs===
*Occurs mainly in the dog, especially obese bitches, less often in cats
*Severe abdominal pain
*Cardiovascular collapse
*Disease may be unnoticed until signs of [[EPI|EPI]] and/or [[DM|DM]] appear terminally
*Death often soon follows
===Pathology===
*Pathological changes occur in interstitial tissue and peripancreatic adipose tissue
*Necrosis caused by destructive action of pancreatic enzymes (mainly phospholipase A and elastase) activated within ducts, or released into pancreatic parenchyma by rupture of ducts and then activated
*Followed by the release of inflammatory mediators which attracts inflammatory cells
*The [[Pancreas - Anatomy & Physiology#Endocrine|Islets of Langerhans]] may become involved thus causing the signs if [[DM|insulin insufficiency]]
*Adhesions are absent or minimal
*'''Gross appearance'''
** Oedematous
**Blood stained fluid containing [[Peritoneal Cavity Degenerative - Pathology#Abdominal fat necrosis|droplets of fat]] in the abdominal cavity
**Haemorrhages in the omentum may be present
**Areas of fat necrosis
**Unusually greasy texture
*'''Microscopic appearance'''
**Necrosis of adipose and parenchymal tissue
**Inflammatory infiltrate forming a border between viable and necrotic tissue
**Necrosis is initially perilobular at the periphery of affected pancreatic lobules
**Foci of acinar tissue shrunken and acidophilic, undergoing coagulative necrosis
**Occlusion of capillaries, sometimes veins and small arteries, by fibrin thrombi
===Predisposing factors===
* are unclear
**Prolonged corticosteroid therapy
**Surgical manipulation or trauma which initiates the leakage of enzymes
**Obese bitches
**Dogs fed high fat and low protein diet
[[Category:Pancreas_-_Degenerative_Pathology]]
*(Often interchangable with [[Pancreatitis, Acute Haemorrhagic|acute pancreatitis]] or [[Pancreas Degenerative - Pathology#Exocrine pancreatic atrophy|atrophy]])
===Clinical signs===
*Occurs mainly in the dog, especially obese bitches, less often in cats
*Severe abdominal pain
*Cardiovascular collapse
*Disease may be unnoticed until signs of [[EPI|EPI]] and/or [[DM|DM]] appear terminally
*Death often soon follows
===Pathology===
*Pathological changes occur in interstitial tissue and peripancreatic adipose tissue
*Necrosis caused by destructive action of pancreatic enzymes (mainly phospholipase A and elastase) activated within ducts, or released into pancreatic parenchyma by rupture of ducts and then activated
*Followed by the release of inflammatory mediators which attracts inflammatory cells
*The [[Pancreas - Anatomy & Physiology#Endocrine|Islets of Langerhans]] may become involved thus causing the signs if [[DM|insulin insufficiency]]
*Adhesions are absent or minimal
*'''Gross appearance'''
** Oedematous
**Blood stained fluid containing [[Peritoneal Cavity Degenerative - Pathology#Abdominal fat necrosis|droplets of fat]] in the abdominal cavity
**Haemorrhages in the omentum may be present
**Areas of fat necrosis
**Unusually greasy texture
*'''Microscopic appearance'''
**Necrosis of adipose and parenchymal tissue
**Inflammatory infiltrate forming a border between viable and necrotic tissue
**Necrosis is initially perilobular at the periphery of affected pancreatic lobules
**Foci of acinar tissue shrunken and acidophilic, undergoing coagulative necrosis
**Occlusion of capillaries, sometimes veins and small arteries, by fibrin thrombi
===Predisposing factors===
* are unclear
**Prolonged corticosteroid therapy
**Surgical manipulation or trauma which initiates the leakage of enzymes
**Obese bitches
**Dogs fed high fat and low protein diet
[[Category:Pancreas_-_Degenerative_Pathology]]