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− | {{toplink | + | {{OpenPagesTop}} |
− | |backcolour =BCED91
| + | ==Overview== |
− | |linkpage =Alimentary - Anatomy & Physiology | + | |
− | |linktext =Alimentary System
| + | The cheeks (buccae) are important in the process of [[Mastication|mastication]] (and also drinking in herbivores). Minor [[Salivary Glands - Anatomy & Physiology|Salivary glands]] are located within the buccal musculature. The cheeks also create extensive food storage pouches in some species. |
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− | |pagetype =Anatomy
| + | ==Structure and Function== |
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− | <br>
| + | The cheeks are composed of many of the muscles of [[mastication]]. |
− | ==Introduction== | |
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− | The cheeks (buccae) are important in the process of [[Mastication|mastication]] (and also drinking in herbivores). Minor [[Oral Cavity - Salivary Glands - Anatomy & Physiology|Salivary glands]] are located within the buccal musculature. | + | The main muscles of [[mastication]] are: |
| + | *The '''masseter''' muscle |
| + | *The '''lateral''' and '''medial''' pterygoids |
| + | *The '''digastricus''' muscle |
| + | *The '''temporalis''' muscle |
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− | The cheeks also create extensive food storage pouches in some species.
| + | Other muscles that aid mastication include : |
| + | *the buccinator muscle |
| + | *the zygomaticus muscle |
| + | *the platysma muscle |
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− | ==Structure and Function==
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− | *The cheeks are composed of many of the muscles of [[mastication]]
| + | The '''[[Parotid Gland - Anatomy & Physiology|Parotid duct]]''' opens in a small papillae above the upper fourth premolar (canid). |
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− | *The main muscles of [[mastication]] are:
| + | ==Innervation== |
− | **The buccinator muscle
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− | **The masseter muscle
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− | **Lateral and medial pterygoids
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− | **Digastricus muscle
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− | **Zygomaticus muscle
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− | **Temporalis muscle
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− | **Platysma muscle
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− | *[[Parotid Gland - Anatomy & Physiology|Parotid duct]] ends in a small papillae opposite the upper fourth premolar (canid)
| + | The cheeks are innervated by the trigeminal nerve ([[Cranial Nerves - Anatomy & Physiology|CN V]]) and the facial nerve ([[Cranial Nerves - Anatomy & Physiology|CN VII]]). |
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| ==Histology== | | ==Histology== |
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| *Non keratinised stratified epithelium | | *Non keratinised stratified epithelium |
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− | *Some keratinisation in ruminants (see species difference section) | + | *Some keratinisation in ruminants (see [[Cheeks#Species Differences|species difference section]] ) |
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| *[[Buccal Gland - Anatomy & Physiology|Buccal]] glands | | *[[Buccal Gland - Anatomy & Physiology|Buccal]] glands |
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| *[[Zygomatic Gland - Anatomy & Physiology|Zygomatic]] salivary gland | | *[[Zygomatic Gland - Anatomy & Physiology|Zygomatic]] salivary gland |
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− | ==Innervation==
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− | *Trigeminal nerve ([[Cranial Nerves - Anatomy & Physiology|CN V]])
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− | *Facial nerve ([[Cranial Nerves - Anatomy & Physiology|CN VII]])
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| ==Species Differences== | | ==Species Differences== |
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| ===Rodents=== | | ===Rodents=== |
− | *'Cheek pouches' are diverticula found in rodents (and monkeys) allowing food storage. The pouches can be extensive extending into the thorax with their own musculature.
| + | 'Cheek pouches' are '''diverticula''' found in rodents (and monkeys) allowing food storage. The pouches can be extensive extending into the thorax with their own musculature. |
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| ===Ruminants=== | | ===Ruminants=== |
− | *Papillae are present on the medial surface of the cheeks. These large, pointed and densely spaced projections of keratin provide protection to the underlying epithelium due to the rough diet.
| + | '''Papillae''' are present on the medial surface of the cheeks. These large, pointed and densely spaced projections of '''keratin''' provide protection to the underlying epithelium due to the rough diet. |
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− | ==Test yourself with the Cheek flashcards==
| + | {{Learning |
| + | |flashcards = [[Cheeks Anatomy & Physiology Flashcards]]<br>[[Facial_Muscles_-_Musculoskeletal_-_Flashcards|Facial Muscles Flashcards]] |
| + | |Vetstream = [https://www.vetstream.com/canis/Content/Disease/dis02133.asp Masticatory Myopthies] |
| + | }} |
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− | [[Oral Cavity - Anatomy & Physiology - Flashcards#Cheeks Flashcards|Cheek Flashcards]] | + | {{review}} |
| + | {{OpenPages}} |
| + | [[Category:Oral Cavity - Anatomy & Physiology]] |
| + | [[Category:Musculoskeletal System - Anatomy & Physiology]] |