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→Types of hernia
==Types of hernia==
==Types of hernia==
[[Image:volvulus.jpg|thumb|right|150px|Volvulus (Courtesy of Bristol BioMed Image Archive)]][[Category:Intestine_-_Physical_Disturbances]]
*'''Umbilical hernias''' are usually congenital and occur in all of the major domestic species.
*'''Umbilical hernias''' are usually congenital and occur in all of the major domestic species.
*'''Diaphragmatic hernias''' may be congenital or, much more commonly, [[Diaphragmatic Rupture|diaphragmatic ruptures]] may occur following blunt abdominal trauma in small animals. Congenital diaphragmaic hernias are an unusual cause of small intestinal incarceration and strangulation in horses, manifesting as severe colic. If the septum transversum (the embryonic structure that forms the diaphragm) fails to develop fully, [[Hernia, Peritoneopericardial Diaphragmatic|Peritoneal-Pericardial-Diaphragmatic hernias]] (PPDH) or [[Hernia, Pleuroperitoneal Diaphragmatic|Pleuroperitoneal hernias]] may occur.
*'''Diaphragmatic hernias''' may be congenital or, much more commonly, [[Diaphragmatic Rupture|diaphragmatic ruptures]] may occur following blunt abdominal trauma in small animals. Congenital diaphragmaic hernias are an unusual cause of small intestinal incarceration and strangulation in horses, manifesting as severe colic. If the septum transversum (the embryonic structure that forms the diaphragm) fails to develop fully, [[Hernia, Peritoneopericardial Diaphragmatic|Peritoneal-Pericardial-Diaphragmatic hernias]] (PPDH) or [[Hernia, Pleuroperitoneal Diaphragmatic|Pleuroperitoneal hernias]] may occur.
*'''Omental/mesenteric rents''' may result in internal hernias causing partial or complete intestinal obstruction.
*'''Omental/mesenteric rents''' may result in internal hernias causing partial or complete intestinal obstruction.
*'''Epiploic foramen entrapment''' is a form of internal hernia affecting horses. Loops of small intestine may become trapped within the epiploic foramen and omental bursa causing complete intestinal obstruction and severe colic. Anecdotally, horses which 'windsuck' are at particular risk of this form of colic and it requires urgent surgical correction.
*'''Epiploic foramen entrapment''' is a form of internal hernia affecting horses. Loops of small intestine may become trapped within the epiploic foramen and omental bursa causing complete intestinal obstruction and severe colic. Anecdotally, horses which 'windsuck' are at particular risk of this form of colic and it requires urgent surgical correction.
[[Category:To_Do_-_James]]
[[Category:To_Do_-_James]]