829
edits
Changes
no edit summary
==Signalment==
*[[Adenoma|Adenomas]] and [[Carcinoma|carcinomas]] deerived from beta cells
*More common in dogs than cats.
*Respond rapidly to iv glucose
*Middle-aged to older dogs.
*Can be identified by immunocytochemical means
*No sex predilection.
*Dogs 5-12 years of age most commonly affected
*Breed predisposition, more common in medium to large-breed dogs:
*Older cattle, associated with periodic convulsions
====Clinical signs====
*Hyperinsulinism
*Hypoglycaemia - often episodic
**Neurologic signs - stupor, confusion, coma, seizures, peripheral neuropathy may also develop
[[Category:Pancreas_-_Hyperplastic_and_Neoplastic_Pathology]][[Category:Endocrine_System_-_Pathology]]
[[Category:Neoplasia]]
==Description==
==Description==
'''Insulinomas''' are slow growing, well-encapsulated, functional tumours of the [[Pancreas - Anatomy & Physiology#Endocrine|beta cells]] of the pancreatic islet cells. They secrete inappropriately high amount of [[Pancreas - Anatomy & Physiology#Insulin|insulin]] irrespective of the serum glucose level. They are predominantly [[Neoplasia - Pathology#Classification|malignant]] (90% of canine insulinomas), with a high metastatic rate to regional [[Lymph Nodes - Pathology|lymph nodes]], [[Liver - Anatomy & Physiology|liver]] and omentum. 60% of isulinomas are [[Neoplasia - Pathology#Nomenclature|carcinomas]], which are more likely to be endocrinologically active, the others being [[Neoplasia - Pathology#Nomenclature|adenomas]].
[[Image:Islet cell tumour.jpg|right|thumb|100px|<small><center>Islet cell tumour (Image sourced from Bristol Biomed Image Archive with permission)</center></small>]]
'''Insulinomas''' are slow growing, well-encapsulated, functional tumours of the [[Pancreas - Anatomy & Physiology#Endocrine|beta cells]] of the pancreatic islet cells. They secrete inappropriately high amount of [[Pancreas - Anatomy & Physiology#Insulin|insulin]], irrespective of the serum glucose level. They are predominantly [[Neoplasia - Pathology#Classification|malignant]] (90% of canine insulinomas), with a high metastatic rate to regional [[Lymph Nodes - Pathology|lymph nodes]], [[Liver - Anatomy & Physiology|liver]] and omentum. 60% of isulinomas are [[Neoplasia - Pathology#Nomenclature|carcinomas]], which are more likely to be endocrinologically active whereas the others are [[Neoplasia - Pathology#Nomenclature|adenomas]].
Blood glucose concentration is maintained within a narrow range
==Signalment==
Insulinomas occur most commonly in middle-aged or older dogs of the larger breeds. There is no sex predilection and the condition occurs less commonly in cats.
==Diagnosis==
==Diagnosis==
[[Category:Neoplasia]]
[[Category:Neoplasia]]
[[Category:To_Do_-_James]]
[[Category:To_Do_-_James]]
[[Category:Cat]][[Category:Dog]]