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Tetanus is a rare disease in dogs, and the disease pathophysiology is similar to that described in other mammalian species. The causal agent of tetanus in the dog is the neurotoxin of the gram-positive bacterium ''[[Clostridium tetani]]''. Infection occurs due to initial contamination of a wound by the bacteria, followed by replication due to the favourable anerobic conditions provided by damamged wound tissues. Tetanospasmin (neurotoxin) produced by the bacteria is transported to distant sites via the circulation and by retrograde axonal transport along peripheral nerves. This causes inhibition of the release of GABA and glycine from interneurons in the spinal cord and brain, resulting in persistent rigidity of striated muscle.
Tetanus is a rare disease in dogs, and the disease pathophysiology is similar to that described in other mammalian species. The causal agent of tetanus in the dog is the neurotoxin of the gram-positive bacterium ''[[Clostridium tetani]]''. Infection occurs due to initial contamination of a wound by the bacteria, followed by replication due to the favourable anerobic conditions provided by damamged wound tissues. Tetanospasmin (neurotoxin) produced by the bacteria is transported to distant sites via the circulation and by retrograde axonal transport along peripheral nerves. This causes inhibition of the release of GABA and glycine from interneurons in the spinal cord and brain, resulting in persistent rigidity of striated muscle.
==Signalment==
Tetanus can occur in dogs of all ages but young, large-breed dogs may most commonly affected (Bandt et al., 2007)
==Clinical Signs==
==Clinical Signs==
==Prognosis==
==Prognosis==
Localised tetanus carries a more favourable prognosis than generalised tetanus.
==References==
==References==
* Bandt, C., Rozanski, E.A., Steinberg, T., and Shaw, S.P. '''Retrospective Study of Tetanus in 20 Dogs: 1988–2004''' ''Journal of the American Animal Hospital Association 2007 43:143-148''
* De Risio, L., Zavattiero, S., Venzi, C., Del Bue, M., Poncelet, L. (2006) '''Focal canine tetanus: diagnostic value of electromyography''' ''Journal of Small Animal Practice 2006 May 47(5):278-80''
* De Risio, L., Zavattiero, S., Venzi, C., Del Bue, M., Poncelet, L. (2006) '''Focal canine tetanus: diagnostic value of electromyography''' ''Journal of Small Animal Practice 2006 May 47(5):278-80''