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| |Plain lateral radiography of C1 to T1<ref name="Hahn">Hahn, C.N (2010) ''Cervical Vertebral Malformation'' in Reed, S.M, Bayly, W.M. and Sellon, D.C (2010) '''Equine Internal Medicine''' (Third Edition), ''Saunders'', Chapter 12.</ref>, myelography. <ref name="Seino">Seino, K.K (2010) ''Spinal Ataxia'' in Reed, S.M, Bayly, W.M. and Sellon, D.C (2010) '''Equine Internal Medicine''' (Third Edition), ''Saunders'', Chapter 3.</ref> | | |Plain lateral radiography of C1 to T1<ref name="Hahn">Hahn, C.N (2010) ''Cervical Vertebral Malformation'' in Reed, S.M, Bayly, W.M. and Sellon, D.C (2010) '''Equine Internal Medicine''' (Third Edition), ''Saunders'', Chapter 12.</ref>, myelography. <ref name="Seino">Seino, K.K (2010) ''Spinal Ataxia'' in Reed, S.M, Bayly, W.M. and Sellon, D.C (2010) '''Equine Internal Medicine''' (Third Edition), ''Saunders'', Chapter 3.</ref> |
| |- | | |- |
− | |WNV encephalitis | + | |West Nile encephalitis |
| |Systemically ill, pyrexia. Difficult if horse afebrile and has no excessive muscle fasciculations<ref name="Long">Long, M.T (2010) ''Flavivirus Encephalitis'' in Reed, S.M, Bayly, W.M. and Sellon, D.C (2010) '''Equine Internal Medicine''' (Third Edition), ''Saunders'', Chapter 12.</ref> | | |Systemically ill, pyrexia. Difficult if horse afebrile and has no excessive muscle fasciculations<ref name="Long">Long, M.T (2010) ''Flavivirus Encephalitis'' in Reed, S.M, Bayly, W.M. and Sellon, D.C (2010) '''Equine Internal Medicine''' (Third Edition), ''Saunders'', Chapter 12.</ref> |
| |Leukogram, CSF analysis, IgM capture ELISA, plaque reduction neutralization test (PRNT).<ref name="Seino">Seino, K.K (2010) ''Spinal Ataxia'' in Reed, S.M, Bayly, W.M. and Sellon, D.C (2010) '''Equine Internal Medicine''' (Third Edition), ''Saunders'', Chapter 3.</ref> | | |Leukogram, CSF analysis, IgM capture ELISA, plaque reduction neutralization test (PRNT).<ref name="Seino">Seino, K.K (2010) ''Spinal Ataxia'' in Reed, S.M, Bayly, W.M. and Sellon, D.C (2010) '''Equine Internal Medicine''' (Third Edition), ''Saunders'', Chapter 3.</ref> |
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| |Sorghum cystitis/ataxia<ref name="Pasq">Pasquini, C, Pasquini, S, Woods, P (2005) '''Guide to Equine Clinics Volume 1: Equine Medicine''' (Third edition), ''SUDZ Publishing'', 245-250.</ref> | | |Sorghum cystitis/ataxia<ref name="Pasq">Pasquini, C, Pasquini, S, Woods, P (2005) '''Guide to Equine Clinics Volume 1: Equine Medicine''' (Third edition), ''SUDZ Publishing'', 245-250.</ref> |
| |Posterior ataxia or paresis, cystitis, hx of grazing Sorghum species<ref>Talcott, P (2010) ''Toxicoses causing signs relating to the urinary system'' in Reed, S.M, Bayly, W.M. and Sellon, D.C (2010) '''Equine Internal Medicine''' (Third Edition), ''Saunders'', Chapter 22.</ref> | | |Posterior ataxia or paresis, cystitis, hx of grazing Sorghum species<ref>Talcott, P (2010) ''Toxicoses causing signs relating to the urinary system'' in Reed, S.M, Bayly, W.M. and Sellon, D.C (2010) '''Equine Internal Medicine''' (Third Edition), ''Saunders'', Chapter 22.</ref> |
− | | | + | |Demonstration of cystitis or pyelonephritis by laboratory methods, but not specific.<ref>Talcott, P (2010) ''Toxicoses causing signs relating to the urinary system'' in Reed, S.M, Bayly, W.M. and Sellon, D.C (2010) '''Equine Internal Medicine''' (Third Edition), ''Saunders'', Chapter 22.</ref> |
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