Changes

==Signalment==

==Signalment==

Have only been confirmed in dogs although they may occur in cats.  Typically older bitches (greater than 10 years) are affected (90% of cases) however male dogs are occasionally affected. Predisposed breeds include the german shepherd dog, cocker spaniel, welsh spaniel and standard dachshund.

Have only been confirmed in dogs although they may occur in cats.  Typically older bitches (greater than 10 years) are affected (90% of cases) however male dogs are occasionally affected. Predisposed [[Canine Breeds - WikiNormals|dog breeds]] include the german shepherd dog, cocker spaniel, welsh spaniel and standard dachshund.

 

==Diagnosis==

==Diagnosis==

Also:

Also:

*Obstipation due to enlarged internal iliac lymph nodes

Obstipation due to enlarged internal iliac lymph nodes and Pernieal swelling. Additionally signs of Hypercalcaemia including polydipsia, polyuria, anorexia and weight loss.

*Pernieal swelling

*Hypercalcaemia signs including polydipsia, polyuria, anorexia and weight loss.

===Rectal examination===

===Rectal examination===

Best carried out under general anaesthetic with manual compression of the caudal abdomen towards the rectum.

Tumours of the anal sac can be detected by digital rectal palpation of the anal sac and assosiated structures.Must be performed with care as frequently the tumours are small and unilateral. Best carried out under general anaesthetic with manual compression of the caudal abdomen towards the rectum.

===Biochemistry===

===Biochemistry===