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=== '''''HYOSTRONGYLUS RUBIDIS''''' ===
{| cellpadding="10" cellspacing="0" border="1"
| Also known as:
| '''Red stomach worm
|-
|}
===Scientific Classification===
{| cellpadding="10" cellspacing="0" border="1"
| Class
| Nematoda
|-
| Superfamily
| Trichostrongyloidea
|}
==Hosts==
Pigs. It is mostly seen in '''outdoor pigs'''; as its fecundity is too low to maintain its life-cycle, when faeces are regularly removed from buildings.
==Identification==
''H. rubidis'' are red worms. The females are larger than the males at around 10mm in length. Males have a well developed bursa.
==Life Cycle==
Infection of the host is via ingestion of L3. The larvae may become hypobiotic; resuming development when the sow begins lactation. The larvae mature, and adults develop. These reside in the galndular part of the stomach, and produce eggs, which are passed out in the host faeces.
''H. rubidis'' is very similar to ''Ostertagia'' (which does not occur in pigs) in appearance, life-cycle, epidemiology and pathogenesis, but pigs do not develop any useful immunity.
''H. rubidis'' is very similar to ''Ostertagia'' (which does not occur in pigs) in appearance, life-cycle, epidemiology and pathogenesis, but pigs do not develop any useful immunity.
*a typical trichostrongyloid
*a typical trichostrongyloid
*found on the glandular part of the stomach
*found on the glandular part of the stomach
*seen only in '''outdoor pigs''' (as its fecundity is too low to maintain its life-cycle when faeces are regularly removed from buildings)
*
*was becoming rare in the UK but likely to increase in prevalence with the trend towards free-range husbandry
*was becoming rare in the UK but likely to increase in prevalence with the trend towards free-range husbandry
*can cause severe weight loss and even death in lactating sows.
*can cause severe weight loss and even death in lactating sows.