Changes

==Signalment==

==Signalment==

A disease of the cow affecting mainly high yielding dairy cows on high concentrate diets. Usually occurs in the first 6 weeks of lactation. Sometimes displacemnet does occur before calving, this is in late gestation and accounts for 5% of cases.  

A disease of the cow affecting mainly high yielding [[Bovine Breeds - WikiNormals#Dairy Breeds|dairy cows]] on high concentrate diets. Usually occurs in the first 6 weeks of [[Lactation - Species Differences Cow - Anatomy & Physiology|lactation]]. Sometimes displacement does occur before calving, this is in late gestation and accounts for 5% of cases.  

==Diagnosis==

==Diagnosis==

==History and Clinical Signs==

==History and Clinical Signs==

A typical history would be a recently calved cow with a sudden drop in appetite and milk production. Animals display general malaise and abdominal pain. On clinical exam a rapid loss of condition may be evident, [[Ketosis of Cattle|ketosis]], decreased ruminal activity on ausculatation. Often the left flank bulges behind ribs and the temperature may be normal or slightly raised.

A typical history would be a recently calved cow with a sudden drop in appetite and milk production. Animals display general malaise and abdominal pain. On clinical exam a rapid loss of condition may be evident, [[Ketosis of Cattle|ketosis]] or decreased ruminal activity on ausculatation. Often the left flank bulges behind ribs and the temperature may be normal or slightly raised.

===Pathogenesis===

===Pathogenesis===

There are two manifestations of [[The Abomasum - Anatomy & Physiology|abomasal]] displacemet. In both the [[The Abomasum - Anatomy & Physiology|abomasum]] becomes trapped between [[The Rumen - Anatomy & Physiology|rumen]] and abdominal wall. The more comon presentation is the left displacement (LDA) which is Ventral and to the left of [[The Rumen - Anatomy & Physiology|rumen]]. The omasum, reticulum and liver are also displaced.

There are two manifestations of [[The Abomasum - Anatomy & Physiology|abomasal]] displacemet. In both the [[The Abomasum - Anatomy & Physiology|abomasum]] becomes trapped between [[The Rumen - Anatomy & Physiology|rumen]] and abdominal wall. The more comon presentation is the left displacement (LDA) which is Ventral and to the left of the rumen. The [[The Omasum - Anatomy & Physiology|omasum]], [[The Reticulum - Anatomy & Physiology|reticulum]] and [[Liver - Anatomy & Physiology|liver]] are also displaced.

[[The Abomasum - Anatomy & Physiology|Abomasal]] atony and increased gas production leads to displacement. Factors reducing abomasal motility include a high concentrate diet,increased [[Volatile Fatty Acids - Anatomy & Physioogy|volatile fatty acids]] from the [[The Rumen - Anatomy & Physiology|rumen]] and periparturient disease e.g ketosis, hypocalcaemia metritis.  Displacement to the left results in a reduced flow of ingesta as well as reduced digestion resulting in anorexia and dehydration.  

Abomasal atony and increased gas production leads to displacement. Factors reducing abomasal motility include a high concentrate diet, increased [[Volatile Fatty Acids - Anatomy & Physioogy|volatile fatty acids]] from the rumen and periparturient disease e.g ketosis, hypocalcaemia and metritis.  Displacement to the left results in a reduced flow of ingesta as well as reduced digestion resulting in anorexia and [[Dehydration - Pathology|dehydration]].