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Feed deprivation generally results in increased stomach acidity (Murray and Schusser 1993), since the absence of protein reduces buffering capacity. Moreover, gastric juice is more readily transported in an empty stomach and, as a consequence, flushed over the vulnerable squamous mucosa resulting in gastric ulceration (Sandin 2000)
Feed deprivation generally results in increased stomach acidity (Murray and Schusser 1993), since the absence of protein reduces buffering capacity. Moreover, gastric juice is more readily transported in an empty stomach and, as a consequence, flushed over the vulnerable squamous mucosa resulting in gastric ulceration (Sandin 2000)
A high grain low roughage diet is a risk factor in EGUS. High roughage diets provide hours of chewing and the production of salivary bicarbonate that bathes the stomach and protects against gastric ulcers. Metayer et al. (2004), found that small low starch meals empty from the stomach significantly faster than large high starch meals. Since high starch diets are fermented to VFAs and lactic acid, large high starch meals should be avoided in horses prone to gastric ulceration (Taharaguchi et al. 2004; Boswinkel et al. 2007).
A high grain low roughage diet is a risk factor in EGUS. High roughage diets provide hours of chewing and the production of salivary bicarbonate that bathes the stomach and protects against gastric ulcers. Metayer et al. (2004), found that small low starch meals empty from the stomach significantly faster than large high starch meals. Since high starch diets are fermented to VFAs and lactic acid, large high starch meals should be avoided in horses prone to gastric ulceration (Taharaguchi et al. 2004; Boswinkel et al. 2007). .(Nadeau 2009)
In another study, alfalfa hay was shown to protect horses against EGUS, by increasing stomach pH. Gastric juice pH and ulcer scores were lower in horses fed a diet containing alfalfa hay compared to the same horses fed dietary brome or costal Bermuda hay (Nadeau et al. 2000; Lybbert et al. 2007). The authors concluded that alfalfa hay may be useful in addition to antiulcer treatment for prevention and treatment of squamous gastric ulcers.(Nadeau 2009)
In another study, alfalfa hay was shown to protect horses against EGUS, by increasing stomach pH. Gastric juice pH and ulcer scores were lower in horses fed a diet containing alfalfa hay compared to the same horses fed dietary brome or costal Bermuda hay (Nadeau et al. 2000; Lybbert et al. 2007). The authors concluded that alfalfa hay may be useful in addition to antiulcer treatment for prevention and treatment of squamous gastric ulcers.(Nadeau 2009)
In an investigated standardbred population in the Netherlands the amount of concentrate fed is not an important predisposing factor.(Prevalence)
In an investigated standardbred population in the Netherlands the amount of concentrate fed is not an important predisposing factor.(Prevalence)
Risk factors associated with equine gastric ulceration syndrome (EGUS) in 201 horses in Denmark.
Risk factors associated with equine gastric ulceration syndrome (EGUS) in 201 horses in Denmark.
Luthersson N, Nielsen KH, Harris P, Parkin TD.
Luthersson N, Nielsen KH, Harris P, Parkin TD.
This study has confirmed that components of the diet, readily modifiable, may have an important impact on the risk of EGUS in the nonracehorse.
Significant factors for the development of gastric ulceration included the feeding of concentrates (Vatistas 1998). In addition, withholding feed before exercise was a modifying factor that, although not causing gastric ulceration, may have decreased time of onset.(Vatistas 2 1999) Murray determined that alternately withholding feed for 24 h followed by feeding for 24 h induced ulceration of the squamous mucosa that appeared endoscopically similar to naturally occurring ulcers (Murray 1994). However, such a severe form of feed deprivation does not occur in horses in training, in which horses may be fasted for 4 h before training exercise, although the period of feed withdrawal may be longer prior to a race. The results of our study tend to support the concept from other studies that feed deprivation is not necessary for the development of gastric ulceration (Vatistas 1998). Evidence for the role grain is predominantly anecdotal, but there has been one study that demonstrated an increased prevalence of gastric ulceration in ponies fed a concentrate diet compared to ponies fed hay alone(Vatisats 2 1999)
Significant factors for the development of gastric ulceration included the feeding of concentrates (Vatistas 1998). In addition, withholding feed before exercise was a modifying factor that, although not causing gastric ulceration, may have decreased time of onset.(Vatistas 2 1999) Murray determined that alternately withholding feed for 24 h followed by feeding for 24 h induced ulceration of the squamous mucosa that appeared endoscopically similar to naturally occurring ulcers (Murray 1994). However, such a severe form of feed deprivation does not occur in horses in training, in which horses may be fasted for 4 h before training exercise, although the period of feed withdrawal may be longer prior to a race. The results of our study tend to support the concept from other studies that feed deprivation is not necessary for the development of gastric ulceration (Vatistas 1998). Evidence for the role grain is predominantly anecdotal, but there has been one study that demonstrated an increased prevalence of gastric ulceration in ponies fed a concentrate diet compared to ponies fed hay alone(Vatisats 2 1999)
It seems reasonable to suggest that any condition that influences food intake might contribute to the development of gastric ulcers in horses.(Sandin 2000)
It seems reasonable to suggest that any condition that influences food intake might contribute to the development of gastric ulcers in horses.(Sandin 2000)
In cannulated horses, Nadeau et al. (2000) showed that bromegrass hay produced significantly lower gastric pH and higher frequency of gastric ulcers than did alfalfa hay-grain. Deprivation of feed for repeated periods has also been shown to cause gastric ulcers (Murray 1994a). (Jonssen 2006)
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===Other ailments===