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→Clinical Signs
===Clinical Signs===
===Clinical Signs===
Clinical signs are mainly related to coagulopathies and the presence of worms, eggs and larvae in the pulmonary vasculature and parenchyma. They include:
Clinical signs are mainly related to coagulopathies and the presence of worms, eggs and larvae in the pulmonary vasculature and parenchyma. They include:
The results of a recent study indicate that the most common clinical signs observed in infected dogs are '''cough''' (65%), '''dyspnoea''' (43%), '''coagulopathy''' (35%) and '''collapse''' (26%)<ref>Chapman PS, Boag AK, Guitian J, Boswood A. '''Angiostrongylus vasorum infection in 23 dogs (1999-2002).''' ''J Small Anim Pract. 2004 Sep;45(9):435-40.''</ref>.
'''Coagulopathies:'''
*'''Cutaneous bruising'''
*'''Intra-cavitatory haemorrhage''' producing [[Haemoabdomen|haemoabdomen]] or [[Haemorrhagic Effusion|haemothorax]]<ref>Sasanelli M, Paradies P, Otranto D, Lia RP, de Caprariis D. '''Haemothorax associated with Angiostrongylus vasorum infection in a dog.''' ''Vet Parasitol. 2009 Dec 23;166(3-4):326-32. Epub 2009 Sep 17.''</ref>
*Haematomas may form in the spinal cord and cause neurological signs
'''Pulmonary disease, manifesting as:'''
*A soft productive '''moist cough'''
*In severe cases, dyspnoea and tachypnoea may be observed
*'''Sudden-onset dyspnoea''' and collapse may occur in animals with [[Lungs Circulatory - Pathology#Embolism, thrombosis and infarction|pulmonary thromboembolism]]
'''Right-sided congestive [[:Category:Heart Failure|heart failure]], manifesting as:'''
*'''Jugular pulses''' or positive '''hepatojugular relfux'''
*'''Hydrothorax''' or '''ascites''' usually composed of a [[Modified Transudate|modified transudate]]
'''Aberrent larval migration''' may result in neurological signs if they enter the cerebro-spinal fluid<ref>Negrin A, Cherubini GB, Steeves E. '''Angiostrongylus vasorum causing meningitis and detection of parasite larvae in the cerebrospinal fluid of a pug dog.''' ''J Small Anim Pract. 2008 Sep;49(9):468-71. Epub 2008 May 12.''</ref>.
The results of a recent study indicate that the most common clinical signs observed in infected dogs are '''cough''' (65%), '''dyspnoea''' (43%), '''coagulopathy''' (35%) and '''collapse''' (26%)<ref>Chapman PS, Boag AK, Guitian J, Boswood A. '''Angiostrongylus vasorum infection in 23 dogs (1999-2002).''' ''J Small Anim Pract. 2004 Sep;45(9):435-40.''</ref>.
===Laboratory Tests===
===Laboratory Tests===
Blood '''eosinophilia''' and '''basophilia''' may or may not be present. In one study, eosinophilia was detected in 21% of naturally infected dogs<ref name="one">Willesen JL, Jensen AL, Kristensen AT, Koch J. '''Haematological and biochemical changes in dogs naturally infected with Angiostrongylus vasorum before and after treatment.''' ''Vet J. 2009 Apr;180(1):106-11. Epub 2007 Dec 20.''</ref> Animals may or may not be '''thrombocytopaenic''' and '''anaemic''' and a case of concurrent immune-mediated thrombocytopaenia with ''A. vasorum'' infection has been reported<ref>Gould SM, McInnes EL. '''Immune-mediated thrombocytopenia associated with Angiostrongylus vasorum infection in a dog.''' ''J Small Anim Pract. 1999 May;40(5):227-32.''</ref>.
Blood '''eosinophilia''' and '''basophilia''' may or may not be present. In one study, eosinophilia was detected in 21% of naturally infected dogs<ref name="one">Willesen JL, Jensen AL, Kristensen AT, Koch J. '''Haematological and biochemical changes in dogs naturally infected with Angiostrongylus vasorum before and after treatment.''' ''Vet J. 2009 Apr;180(1):106-11. Epub 2007 Dec 20.''</ref> Animals may or may not be '''thrombocytopaenic''' and '''anaemic''' and a case of concurrent immune-mediated thrombocytopaenia with ''A. vasorum'' infection has been reported<ref>Gould SM, McInnes EL. '''Immune-mediated thrombocytopenia associated with Angiostrongylus vasorum infection in a dog.''' ''J Small Anim Pract. 1999 May;40(5):227-32.''</ref>.