Changes

   

   

==Prevention==

==Prevention==

*Regular worming programme until at least 15 months of age that prevents a build-up of large ascarid burdens in the foal:

Ensure a regular worming programme that prevents a build-up of large ascarid burdens in the foal:

**Macrocyclic lactones (ivermectin in Equimax Oral Paste for Horses® which also contains praziquantel) 0.2mg/kg ivermectin and 1.5mg/kg praziquantel.  Treatment is recommended at least twice a year, in spring and autumn or according to veterinary advice.  Not for foals under 2 weeks of age.  Withdrawal period 35 days.(NB: NOT the drug of choice because resistance is widespread)

*'''Macrocyclic lactones''' such as '''ivermectin'''.  NOT the drug of choice because resistance is widespread.

Eqvalan® Paste for Horse: 0.2mg/kg POFoals should be treated initially at 6 to 8 weeks of age, and routine treatment repeated as appropriate.  Meat withdrawal 21 days.

**'''Equimax® Oral Paste for Horses:''' (also contains praziquantel) administered PO at 0.2mg/kg ivermectin and 1.5mg/kg praziquantel.  Treatment is recommended at least twice a year.  Not for foals under 2 weeks of age.  Withdrawal period 35 days.

**Tetrahydropyrimidines (Pyrantel embonate in Strongid-P® paste) 19mg/kg PO: for foals over 4 weeks of age up to eight months - dose every four weeks.  For horses over eight months of age routinely dose every 6 to 8 weeks, but during the summer and

**'''Eqvalan® Paste for Horses:''' 0.2mg/kg PO.  Foals should be treated initially at 6 to 8 weeks of age, and routine treatment repeated as appropriate.  Meat withdrawal 21 days.

autumn when at grass dose every 4 to 6 weeks.  Always dose three to four days before turning out after  

*'''Tetrahydropyrimidines''' such '''pyrantel embonate'''. 

in-wintering.  

**'''Strongid-P® paste:''' 19mg/kg PO.  For foals over 4 weeks of age up to eight months dose every 4 weeks.  For horses over 8 months of age dose every 6 to 8 weeks, but when at grass dose every 4 to 6 weeks.  Always dose 3 to 4 days before turning out after in-wintering.  

**Benzimidazoles (Fenbendazole in Panacur® Equine Oral Paste) 10mg/kg PO

It is recommended that horses and ponies are routinely wormed with a single dose of this product every 6 to 8 weeks. In Late Winter or Spring, mass emergence of encysted mucosal small redworm from the horse’s gut can cause parasitic diarrhoea, mild recurring colic, weight and appetite loss and weakness.To avoid this, it is recommended that horses are administered the 5-day Panacur treatment in the Autumn (ideally late October/November) and again in the Spring (ideally in February). All new horses whose worming history is unknown should also be administered the 5-day Panacur treatment.Pregnant mares and young foals may also be safely treated with Panacur at the recommended dosage levels.Not to be used in horses intended for human consumption.Treated horses may never be slaughtered for human consumption.The horse must have been declared as not intended for human consumption under national horse passport legislation.

**'''Panacur® Equine Oral Paste:''' 10mg/kg PO.  It is recommended that horses and ponies are routinely wormed with a single dose of this product every 6 to 8 weeks. It is recommended that horses are administered the 5-day Panacur treatment in the Autumn (ideally late October/November) and again in the Spring (ideally in February) to cover for encysted cyathostomins. All new horses whose worming history is unknown should also be administered the 5-day Panacur treatment. Pregnant mares and young foals may also be safely treated with Panacur at the recommended dosage levels. Not to be used in horses intended for human consumption. The horse must have been declared as not intended for human consumption under national horse passport legislation.

*For foals that have not been on a controlled programme or if a large burden is suspected:

*For foals that have not been on a controlled programme or if a large burden is suspected:

**Fenbendazole at 5mg/kg PO (lower dose with only 50% efficacy against ''Parasacaris'')

**Fenbendazole at 5mg/kg PO (lower dose with only 50% efficacy against ''Parasacaris'')

**Followed one week later by a full dose of Fenbendazole at 10mg/kg PO

**Followed one week later by a full dose of Fenbendazole at 10mg/kg PO

Care should be taken to avoid the following practices because they increase the risk of development of resistance and could ultimately result in ineffective therapy:(1) Too frequent and repeated use of anthelmintics from the same class, over an extended period of time.(2) Underdosing, which may be due to underestimation of bodyweight, misadministration of the product, or lack of calibration of the dosing device (if any).Suspected clinical cases of resistance to anthelmintics should be further investigated using appropriate tests (e.g. Faecal Egg Count Reduction Test). Where the results of the test(s) strongly suggest resistance to a particular anthelmintics belonging to another pharmacological class and having a different mode of action should be used.

Care should be taken to avoid the following practices because they increase the risk of development of resistance and could ultimately result in ineffective therapy:

*Too frequent and repeated use of anthelmintics from the same class, over an extended period of time.

*Underdosing, which may be due to underestimation of bodyweight, misadministration of the product, or lack of calibration of the dosing device (if any).

Suspected clinical cases of resistance to anthelmintics should be further investigated using appropriate tests (e.g. Faecal Egg Count Reduction Test). Where the results of the test(s) strongly suggest resistance to a particular anthelmintic, anthelmintics belonging to another pharmacological class and having a different mode of action should be used.

*Regular faecal worm egg counts should be conducted to monitor the effects of the anthelmintic schedule and the presence of resistance

*Regular faecal worm egg counts should be conducted to monitor the effects of the anthelmintic schedule and the presence of resistance

*Clean pasture management including the regular removal of faeces

*Clean pasture management including the regular removal of faeces

*Thorough cleaning of stables that have been occupied by foals or weanlings

*Thorough cleaning of stables that have been occupied by foals or weanlings

*Bathe mare and clean udder before arrival at foaling premises to remove any ascarid eggs on the coat

*Bathe mare and clean udder before arrival at foaling premises to remove any ascarid eggs on the coat

==References==

==References==