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Gastric Dilatation and Volvulus (view source)

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==~~Signalment~~==

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==Description==

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*Large deep chested breeds ~~including:~~

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Gastric Dilatation and Volvulus (GDV) is an acute, life-threatening emergency condition affecting large and giant breed dogs. Commonly affected breeds include German Shepherds, Great Danes, Irish Wolfhounds, St Bernards and Doberman Pinschers. GDV has also been reported to occur in cats, primates and rarely small breed dogs such as Dachshunds and Miniature Poodles.

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~~Akitas~~, ~~Bloodhounds, Collies, Great Danes, Irish Setters, Wolfhounds, Newfoundlands, Rottweilers, Saint Bernards, Standard Poodles, Weirmaraners~~

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==Risk factors==

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Studies have shown that dogs with a reduced thoracic width to depth ratio are at a in increased risk of developing GDV. Other risk factors include obesity, exercise following feeding a dry food diet. Female dogs are also more likely to develop GDV than males.

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~~==Description==~~

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Gastric dilatation (GD) and Gastric dilatation and volvulus (GDV) are caused by the stomach distending with air. In GDV the stomach twists around its axis mainly in a clockwise direction with both conditions leading to compression of the caudal vena cava. GDV can lead to [[Shock#Hypovolaemic shock|hypovolaemic shock]], splenic torsion, gastric wall ischaemia, abdominal viscera congestion, [[Shock#Endotoxic shock|endotoxic shock]] and [[Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation|disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC)]]. The exact pathogenesis is unclear but risk factors for GDV include age, fast eating, once- daily feeding, aerophagia, raised feeding bowl and a close relative with GDV.

==Diagnosis==

Signarski

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