Changes

===UK Outbreaks===

===UK Outbreaks===

In the UK, Bluetongue is a notifiable disease and so cases must be reported to the local AHO. There are also further obligations for notification: within 24 hours of confirmation of bluetongue in the UK, the Chief Veterinary Officer must inform the European Commission and the OIE Central Bureau. There are several broad principles of disease control when bluetongue appears in the UK. Firstly, premises suspected of having the disease are inspected by a veterinary surgeon, and a ban is placed on moving animals on and off the site. Once it has been confirmed that bluetongue is circulating (i.e. there is not a single, isolated case of disease, for example due to importation), a Restricted Zone is imposed around the infected premises. A Restricted Zone is the overall area where restrictions apply and is composed of a Protection Zone (100km radius) surrounded by a Surveillance Zone (50km radius). The sizes of these zones are dictated by EU legislation for bluetongue control. The Restricted Zone may also contain Control Zones of tighter restrictions in the immediate vicinity (20km) of infected premises. Movements are permitted within Protection and Suveillance Zones, and from the Surveillance Zone to the Protection Zone. Animals from neighbouring BTV-free areas may move into either the Surveillance or Protected Zones. However, the converse of any of these movements is not permitted unless animals are travelling to slaughter. No movements are permitted within, to, or from the Control Zone.  

In the UK, Bluetongue is a notifiable disease and so cases must be reported to the local AHO. There are also further obligations for notification: within 24 hours of confirmation of bluetongue in the UK, the Chief Veterinary Officer must inform the European Commission and the OIE Central Bureau. There are several broad principles of disease control when bluetongue appears in the UK¹⁵. Firstly, premises suspected of having the disease are inspected by a veterinary surgeon, and a ban is placed on moving animals on and off the site. Once it has been confirmed that bluetongue is circulating (i.e. there is not a single, isolated case of disease, for example due to importation), a Restricted Zone is imposed around the infected premises. A Restricted Zone is the overall area where restrictions apply and is composed of a Protection Zone (100km radius) surrounded by a Surveillance Zone (50km radius). The sizes of these zones are dictated by EU legislation for bluetongue control. The Restricted Zone may also contain Control Zones of tighter restrictions in the immediate vicinity (20km) of infected premises. Movements are permitted within Protection and Suveillance Zones, and from the Surveillance Zone to the Protection Zone. Animals from neighbouring BTV-free areas may move into either the Surveillance or Protected Zones. However, the converse of any of these movements is not permitted unless animals are travelling to slaughter. No movements are permitted within, to, or from the Control Zone.  

In addition to movement resrtictions, surveillance for disease and vectors are implemented as necessary in an outbreak, and relevant communications are made to owners and veterinary surgeons to advise of the measures in place. The aim at all times is to tightly control disease, with an aim to eradication, and vaccination will normally play a large part in this according to plans laid out by DEFRA. A test and slaugher policy is not used, because BTV is not transmitted directly between susceptible animals.

In addition to movement resrtictions, surveillance for disease and vectors are implemented as necessary in an outbreak, and relevant communications are made to owners and veterinary surgeons to advise of the measures in place. The aim at all times is to tightly control disease, with an aim to eradication, and vaccination will normally play a large part in this according to plans laid out by DEFRA. A test and slaugher policy is not used, because BTV is not transmitted directly between susceptible animals.