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− | | + | Also known as: '''''Acanthomatous Epulis — Peripheral Ameloblastoma — Basal Cell Carcinoma — Adamantinoma |
− | Also known as: '''''Acanthomatous epulis — Peripheral ameloblastomas — Basal cell carcinomas — Adamantinomas | |
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| ==Description== | | ==Description== |
− | This is a benign but locally invasive odontogenic tumour that appears in the [[Gingiva Introduction|gingiva]], often surrounding and displacing the adjacent teeth. The lesions have a raised and cauliflower appearance and are slow growing. Eventually the lesions can become very large and involve the jaw bone. | + | [[Image:ameloblastoma.gif|right|thumb|125px|<small><center>Ameloblastoma (Courtesy of Alun Williams (RVC))</center></small>]] |
| + | This is a benign but locally invasive odontogenic tumour that appears in the [[Gingiva|gingiva]], often surrounding and displacing the adjacent teeth. The lesions have a raised and sometimes cauliflower appearance and are slow growing. Eventually the lesions can become very large and involve the jaw bone. |
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| ==Signalment== | | ==Signalment== |
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| ===Diagnostic Imaging=== | | ===Diagnostic Imaging=== |
− | Skull radiography may show a soft tissue opacity in the area of the gingiva with lytic invasion of the underlying [[Alveolar Bone|alveolar bone]]. If a malignant neoplasm is a diagnostic possibility, thoracic radiography should be carried out to evaluate for [[Lungs - Anatomy & Physiology|lung]] metastases. | + | Standard [[Skull and Facial Muscles - Anatomy & Physiology|skull]] radiography is often unrewarding and of low diagnostic yield. Skull computed tomography (CT) provides much greater detail and is frequently employed in preoperative planning (in combination with standard dental intra-oral radiographs). Odontogenic neoplasms frequently are found to involve multiple teeth, contrast enhance, involve lysis of the alveolar bone and demonstrate mass-assoicated tooth displacement. Acanthomatous ameloblastomas may appear as extra-osseous or intra-osseous masses; intra-osseous masses are more likely to have mass-associated cyst-like structures and are subjectively more aggressive as compared to extra-osseous acanthomatous ameloblastomas. In many cases mandibular lymphadenopathy is also observed. In cases where a malignant neoplasm is suspected, complete staging should be performed to look for metastatic disease, including 3-view thoracic radiographs (or thoracic CT) and abdominal imaging (abdominal ultrasound or abdominal CT)<ref>Amory JT, Reetz JA, Sanchez MD, et al. ''Computed tomographic characteristics of odontogenic neoplasms in dogs.'' Vet Radiol Ultrasound, Vol. 00, No. 00, 2013, pp 1–12.</ref>. |
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| ===Biopsy=== | | ===Biopsy=== |
| Required for a definitive diagnosis and incisional biopsy is the technique of choice. When undertaking cytological or grab procedures it is more difficult to obtain a representative sample. | | Required for a definitive diagnosis and incisional biopsy is the technique of choice. When undertaking cytological or grab procedures it is more difficult to obtain a representative sample. |
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| + | '''Pathology''': |
| + | Islands and sheets of mature odontogenic epithelium within a collagenous fibrous connective tissue stroma of low/moderate cellularity will be noticed. Each of the islands is bounded by a row of tall columnnar cells. These palisading cells exhibit polarisation away from the basement membrane and have cytoplasmic vacuolation. Central cells have a basaloid appearance. The tumour is often infiiltrating into the underlying bone. |
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| ==Treatment== | | ==Treatment== |
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| Good following complete surgical excision. | | Good following complete surgical excision. |
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− | ==Literature Search==
| + | {{Learning |
− | [[File:CABI logo.jpg|left|90px]]
| + | |literature search = [http://www.cabdirect.org/search.html?q=title%3A%28%22Acanthomatous+Ameloblastoma%22%29+OR+title%3A%28%22Acanthomatous+epulis%22%29+OR+title%3A%28%22Peripheral+ameloblastoma%22%29+OR++title%3A%28Adamantinoma%29 Acanthomatous Ameloblastoma publications] |
− | Use these links to find recent scientific publications via CAB Abstracts (log in required unless accessing from a subscribing organisation).
| + | |Vetstream = [https://www.vetstream.com/felis/Content/Disease/dis02003.asp Mouth neoplasia] |
− | | + | }} |
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− | [http://www.cabdirect.org/search.html?rowId=1&options1=AND&q1=%22Acanthomatous+Ameloblastoma%22&occuring1=title&rowId=2&options2=AND&q2=&occuring2=freetext&rowId=3&options3=AND&q3=&occuring3=freetext&x=56&y=11&publishedstart=yyyy&publishedend=yyyy&calendarInput=yyyy-mm-dd&la=any&it=any&show=all Acanthomatous Ameloblastoma publications] | |
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| ==References== | | ==References== |
| + | <references /> |
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| Tutt, C., Deeprose, J. and Crossley, D. (2007) '''BSAVA Manual of Canine and Feline Dentistry (3rd Edition)''' ''BSAVA'' | | Tutt, C., Deeprose, J. and Crossley, D. (2007) '''BSAVA Manual of Canine and Feline Dentistry (3rd Edition)''' ''BSAVA'' |
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| Merck & Co (2008) '''The Merck Veterinary Manual''' | | Merck & Co (2008) '''The Merck Veterinary Manual''' |
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− | [[Category:Oral_Cavity_-_Proliferative_Pathology]][[Category:Dog]][[Category:To_Do_-_Caz]] | + | With thanks to Andrew Jefferies (Cambridge) and Alun Williams (RVC) for providing access to their lecture materials |
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| + | {{review}} |
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| + | [[Category:Oral_Cavity_-_Proliferative_Pathology]][[Category:Oral Diseases - Dog]] |
| [[Category:Neoplasia]] | | [[Category:Neoplasia]] |
− | [[Category:Cat]] | + | [[Category:Oral Diseases - Cat]] |
− | [[Category:Expert_Review]] | + | [[Category:Expert_Review - Small Animal]] |
| + | [[Category:Teeth_-_Proliferative_Pathology]] |
| + | [[Category:Oral Proliferations]] |
| + | [[Category:LisaM reviewing]] |