Joints - Anatomy & Physiology

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Joints comprise broadly two categories:

  • Synarthroses form joints that are relatively rigid
  • Diarthroses form joints that are freely movable

Fibrous Joints

  • Most occur in the skull: known as sutures
    • Key in development: allow extension of individual bones during growth
    • Gradually eliminated as ossification progresses
  • Syndesmoses: facing areas of two bones joined by connective tissue ligaments, very limited movement allowed
    • Eg. Joints of the metacarpus in the horse
  • Gomphosis: attachment of tooth to bone within its socket

Cartilaginous Joints

  • AKA Synchondroses: eg. joints between epiphyses and diaphyses of juvenile long bones