Dermatology Quiz

Questions reviewed by:

Anette Loeffler DrMedVet, DVD, DipECVD, MRCVS Lecturer in Veterinary Dermatology

1

In flea allergic dermatitis (FAD) to what do animals become allergic to?

	Flea larvae
	Flea eggs
	Flea contact
	Antigens in flea saliva
	Antigens in flea dirt
Please select an option Incorrect. Animals become allergic to the antigens in the flea saliva not the flea larvae. Flea larvae feed on skin debris, flea dirt and other organic matter. The antigens in flea saliva trigger a hypersensitivity reaction when the flea bites. FAD leads to papular dermatitis, secondary excoriations and alopecic nodules (uncommon) if chronic. WikiVet Article: Flea, Flea allergic dermatitis (FAD) Incorrect. Animals become allergic to the antigens in the flea saliva not the flea eggs. Most eggs are laid on the host but quickly fall off into the environment. The antigens trigger a hypersensitivity reaction when the flea bites. FAD leads to papular dermatitis, secondary excoriations and alopecic nodules (uncommon) if chronic. WikiVet Article: Flea, Flea allergic dermatitis (FAD) Incorrect. Animals become allergic to the antigens in the flea saliva not flea contact. The antigens trigger a hypersensitivity reaction when the flea bites. FAD leads to papular dermatitis, secondary excoriations and alopecic nodules (uncommon) if chronic. WikiVet Article: Flea, Flea allergic dermatitis (FAD) Correct! Animals become allergic to the antigens in the flea saliva triggering a hypersensitivity reaction when the flea bites. FAD leads to papular dermatitis, secondary excoriations and alopecic nodules (uncommon) if chronic. WikiVet Article: Flea, Flea allergic dermatitis (FAD) Incorrect. Animals become allergic to the antigens in the flea saliva not flea dirt triggering a hypersensitivity reaction when the flea bites. FAD leads to papular dermatitis, secondary excoriations and alopecic nodules (uncommon) if chronic. WikiVet Article: Flea, Flea allergic dermatitis (FAD)

3

What is a common dermatological abnormality seen in hypothyroidism?

	Comedones
	Bilaterally symmetrical alopecia
	Poor wound healing
	Calcinosis cutis
	Retention of puppy coat
Please select an option Incorrect. Comedone are typically a feature of hypoadrenocorticism, or Cushing's disease. The correct answeris that a common dermatological abnormality seen with hypothyroidism is bilaterally symmetrical alopecia, which may also be accompanied by mucin within the dermis causing dermal thickening. WikiVet Article: endocrine. Correct. The bilaterally symmetrical alopecia seen in hypothyroidism may also be accompanied by mucin within the dermis causing dermal thickening. Bilaterally symmetrical alopecia is also seen in other endocrine disorders e.g. hyperadrenocorticism. WikiVet Article: endocrine Incorrect. Poor wound healing is a feature of hyperadrenocortism, it is due protein catabolism and weakness. The correct answer is that a common dermatological abnormality seen in hypothyroidism is bilaterally symmetrical alopecia, which may also be accompanied by mucin within the dermis causing dermal thickening. WikiVet Article: endocrine. Incorrect. Calcinosis cutis is a feature of hyperadrenocortism, it is collagen damage due to protein catabolism which allows the deposition of calcium in the skin. Calcium acts as a foreign body producing a granulomatous reaction. The correct answer is that a common dermatological abnormality seen in hypothyroidism is bilaterally symmetrical alopecia, which may also be accompanied by mucin within the dermis causing dermal thickening. WikiVet Article: endocrine. Incorrect. Growth hormone deficiency (hyposomatotropism), i.e. pituitary dwarfism results in a retained puppy hair coat. If the conditon occurs in adults, the coat does not develop and a bilaterally symmetrical, non-pruritic alopecia occurs over areas of friction e.g. neck and trunk. The correct answer is that a common dermatological abnormality seen with hypothyroidism is bilaterally symmetrical alopecia, it may also be accompanied by mucin within the dermis causing dermal thickening. WikiVet Article: endocrine.

5

What skin lesion may be caused by copper deficiency in cattle?

	Generalised scaling
	Alopecia, crusts and scales on face, neck and distal extremities and mucocutaneous junctions
	Yellow or orange nodules in subcutaneous tissue
	Circumscribed reddened papules and plaques, thick crusting and scaling, fissures along ventral abdomen and medial thighs
	Spectacle pattern of depigmentation around eyes
Please select an option Incorrect. Generalised scaling is usually a feature of vitamin A deficiency, which is a condition most commonly seen in dogs. The correct answer is a pattern of depigmentation around eyes, the coat colour may also change from black to reddish. WikiVet Article: nutrition Incorrect. Zinc deficiency in ruminants produces alopecia, crusts and scales on face, neck and distal extremities and mucocutaneous junctions. The correct answer is a pattern of depigmentation around eyes, the coat colour may also change from black to reddish. WikiVet Article: nutrition Incorrect. Yellow or orange nodules indicates vitamin E deficiency. The correct answer is a pattern of depigmentation around eyes, the coat colour may also change from black to reddish. WikiVet Article: nutrition Incorrect.Circumscribed reddened papules and plaques, thick crusting and scaling, fissures along ventral abdomen and medial thighs tends to be a manifestation of Zinc deficiency in pigs. The correct answer is a pattern of depigmentation around eyes, the coat colour may also change from black to reddish. WikiVet Article: nutrition Correct! Copper deficiency in cattle results in a spectacle pattern of depigmentation around the eyes. The coat colour may also change from black to reddish brown. Black sheep develop bands of lighter colouring. WikiVet Article: nutrition

7

What is the typical distribution of skin lesions in contact dermatitis?

	Dry gangrene of the extremities
	Papules around the lumbosacral area and posterior thighs
	Single lesion on carpal, metacarpal, metatarsal or radial area
	Lesions on ventral abdomen, chest, paws and chin
	Facial fold, lip fold, vulval fold and tail fold
Please select an option Incorrect. Fescue poisoning is seen grossly as dry gangrene of the extremities, similar to ergot poisoning. It is caused by excessive consumption of Festuca arudinacea. The correct answer is contact dermatitis, which results from exposure to chemicals, not an immunologic reaction. It grossly appears as erythematous patches and papules and occasionally vesicles distributed on any areas in contact with the irritant. This is often the ventral abdomen, chest, paws and chin, but this varies from dog to dog and depends on what the initiating agent is. WikiVet Article: Chemical damage Incorrect. Flea allergic dermatitis tends to cause this distribution of lesions, and should be suspected in any dog or cat with papules around its rump and tail area. The correct answer is contact dermatitis, which results from exposure to chemicals, not an immunologic reaction. It grossly appears as erythematous patches and papules and occasionally vesicles distributed on any areas in contact with the irritant. This is often the ventral abdomen, chest, paws and chin, but this varies from dog to dog and depends on what the initiating agent is. WikiVet Article: Chemical damage Incorrect. Acral lick dermatitis, also called lick granuloma is caused by physical not chemical damage. It mostly occurs in dogs due to constant licking or chewing. Areas most affected are carpal, metacarpal, metatarsal, radial or tibial areas, usually just a single lesion. The correct answer is contact dermatitis, which results from exposure to chemicals, not an immunologic reaction. It grossly appears as erythematous patches and papules and occasionally vesicles distributed on any areas in contact with the irritant. This is often the ventral abdomen, chest, paws and chin, but this varies from dog to dog and depends on what the initiating agent is. WikiVet Article: Chemical damage Correct! Contact dermatitis results from exposure to chemicals, not an immunologic reaction. It grossly appears as erythematous patches and papules and occasionally vesicles distributed on any areas in contact with the irritant. This is often the ventral abdomen, chest, paws and chin, but this varies from dog to dog and depends on what the initiating agent is. WikiVet Article: Chemical damage Incorrect. Intertrigo, also called skin fold dermatitis, develops due to irritation and bacteria in areas of skin friction and moisture. Areas commonly affected include the facial fold in brachycephalic breeds, lip fold, body fold, vulval fold and tail fold. The correct answer is contact dermatitis, which results from exposure to chemicals, not an immunologic reaction. It grossly appears as erythematous patches and papules and occasionally vesicles distributed on any areas in contact with the irritant. This is often the ventral abdomen, chest, paws and chin, but this varies from dog to dog and depends on what the initiating agent is. WikiVet Article: Chemical damage