Campylobacter fetus subspecies venerealis
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- Venereal infection of cattle
- Infertility in female cattle
- Found in glandular crypts of prepuce of bull with no clinical signs - carriers
- Causes catarrhal inflammation in female genital tract
- Endometritis prevents implantation until infection cleared and causes early embryonic death, occasionally sporadic abortion
- May remain infertile for 3-5 months before immunity develops, which lasts 4-5 years
- Effective immunity includes induction of IgA in the vagina and IgG in the uterus
- Bacteria may persist in the vagina and be transmitted to bulls
- Diagnosis:
- Fluorescent antibody test on genital discharges from bull/cow
- Vaginal mucus agglutination test
- ELISA to IgA antibodies in vaginal mucus after an abortion
- PCR for detection in semen
- Treatment: dihydrostreptomycin intrauterine for cows and systemically or topically for bulls
- Vaccination: bacterin in oil adjuvant