Laboratory mice strain information
Most laboratory mice have contributions from both Mus musculus musculus and Mus musculus domesticus. There is evidence that smaller contributions also may have come from Mus musculus molossinus and Mus musculus castaneus. Therefore, they should not be referred to by species name, but rather as laboratory mice or by use of a specific strain or stock name. (In addition, some recently developed laboratory mouse strains are derived wholly from other Mus species or other subspecies, such as M. spretus). The laboratory mouse genome, including its retroelements, is a mosaic and an artificial creation, and there is no true "wildtype" laboratory mouse. There are over 450 inbred strains that have arisen during the last century but the great majority of biomedical resaerch, including genomic research, is based on a relatively few mouse strains, including C57BL/6, BALB/c, C3H/He, 129, FVB, and outbred Swiss stocks.
Common Inbred mice strains and their pathology
C57BL/6 (B6) mice:
Gold standard background strain for GEM's, genome of this strain has been fully sequenced. B6 mice were initially bred for their longevity. Their melanism is manifested by their coat colour. melanin pigment in heart valves, splenic capsule and meninges.
Spontaneous diseases: Hydrocephalus, hippocampal neurodegeneration, microphtalmia, anophtalmia, age-related cochlear degeneration (hearing loss), malocclusion and pulmonary proteinosis.
Common neoplasms: Lymphoma (especially B-cell), haemangiosarcoma, and pituitary adenoma (especially prolactin-secreting cells)
BALB/c mice:
Spontaneous diseases:
Common neoplasms:
C3H/He mice:
Spontaneous diseases:
Common neoplasms:
129 mice:
Spontaneous diseases:
Common neoplasms:
FVB/N mice:
Spontaneous diseases:
Common neoplasms:
References
- Brayton, C., Justice, M. and Montgomery, (2001) Evaluating Mutant Mice: Anatomic Pathology. Vet Pathol 38: 1-9.
- Percy, D.H., and Barthold, S.W. (2007) Pathology of laboratory rodents and rabbits. Blackwell Publishing. pp. 3-123.