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− | AFAST
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− | Abdominal Focused Assessment in Trauma/Triage
| + | == '''AFAST''' |
| + | '''A'''bdominal '''F'''ocused '''As'''sessment in '''T'''rauma/Triage == |
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| Developed as a technique for quick assessment in emergent patients. Only novice ultrasound skills are necessary to begin utilizing this tool. | | Developed as a technique for quick assessment in emergent patients. Only novice ultrasound skills are necessary to begin utilizing this tool. |
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− | Procedure | + | |
| + | == Procedure == |
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| + | ---- |
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| Right lateral recumbency | | Right lateral recumbency |
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| Place probe in 4 areas and assess if free abdominal fluid is present or not. For each position, give a score of 1 or 0. | | Place probe in 4 areas and assess if free abdominal fluid is present or not. For each position, give a score of 1 or 0. |
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| Positions are as follows: | | Positions are as follows: |
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| '''DH view''' (Diaphragmatic/Hepatic view) | | '''DH view''' (Diaphragmatic/Hepatic view) |
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| Probe is placed with ultrasound marker ventral on left side of screen. | | Probe is placed with ultrasound marker ventral on left side of screen. |
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| Organs to be identified: | | Organs to be identified: |
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− | '''Caudal lung margin''' - can evaluate for pulmonary edema, | + | '''Caudal lung margin''' - can evaluate for pulmonary edema, nodules, pneumonia, PTE |
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| + | '''Diaphragm''' - Evaluate for hernia |
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| + | '''Liver''' - Evaluate for general liver size, echogenicity, obvious masses |
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| + | '''Gall bladder''' - Evaluate for mucoceole, wall edema consistent with anaphylaxis |
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| + | '''Peritoneal cavity''' - evaluate for free fluid |
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| + | '''Caudal vena cava''' - evaluate size as it crosses the diaphragm. Collapsed - hypovolemia. Distended - R sided CHF vs volume overload. Expand and contract by 50% diameter is normal |
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| + | '''Hepatic veins''' - distended consistent with volume overload or R sided CHF |
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| + | '''Thoracic cavity''' - evaluate for pleural effusion |
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| + | '''Pericardial sac''' - Evalaute for pericardial effusion |
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− | '''Diaphragm'''
| + | '''Heart apex +/- chambers''' - general idea of size and filling |
− | '''Liver'''
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− | '''Gall bladder'''
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− | '''Peritoneal cavity'''
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− | '''Caudal vena cava'''
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− | '''Hepatic veins'''
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− | '''Thoracic cavity'''
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− | '''Pericardial sac'''
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− | '''Heart apex +/- chambers''' | |