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Alimentary System - Horse Anatomy (view source)
Revision as of 21:50, 7 November 2012
, 21:50, 7 November 2012→Large Intestine
|videos = [[Video: Foal gastrointestinal tract potcast|Foal gastrointestinal tract potcast]]<br>[[Video: Abdominal viscera of the horse dissection|Abdominal viscera of the horse dissection]]<br>[[Video: Equine left-sided abdominal and thoracic topography dissection|Equine left-sided abdominal and thoracic topography dissection]]<br>[[Video: Equine left-sided abdominal and thoracic topography dissection 2|Equine left-sided abdominal and thoracic topography dissection 2]]<br>[[Video: Equine stomach potcast|Equine stomach potcast]]
|videos = [[Video: Foal gastrointestinal tract potcast|Foal gastrointestinal tract potcast]]<br>[[Video: Abdominal viscera of the horse dissection|Abdominal viscera of the horse dissection]]<br>[[Video: Equine left-sided abdominal and thoracic topography dissection|Equine left-sided abdominal and thoracic topography dissection]]<br>[[Video: Equine left-sided abdominal and thoracic topography dissection 2|Equine left-sided abdominal and thoracic topography dissection 2]]<br>[[Video: Equine stomach potcast|Equine stomach potcast]]
}}
}}
====Microbial Environment====
Microbes convert carbohydrates to [[Volatile Fatty Acids|volatile fatty acids]] (VFAs). The horse receives 75% of it's energy requirements from VFAs. The large intestine is buffered by the secretion of large amounts of bicarbonate from the [[Pancreas - Anatomy & Physiology|pancreas]] and the [[Ileum - Anatomy & Physiology|ileum]]. Glands in the wall of the [[Large Intestine - Anatomy & Physiology|large intestine]] may also produce bicarbonate. The microbial population exists in the [[Caecum - Anatomy & Physiology|caecum]] and ventral colon.
It is mixed; there are both bacteria and protozoa. Microbes are anaerobic. The microbial population is dependent on diet and frequency of feeding, as different microbes are suited to digesting different things. The number of microbes can change 100 fold in a 24 hour period. [[Volatile Fatty Acids|VFAs]] produced are absorbed across the intestinal wall. Urea from the blood is transported to the intestinal lumen to be used by microbes, which also use nitrogen from the diet. Environmental factors of the [[Caecum - Anatomy & Physiology|caecum]] and ventral colon can influence fermentation of microbial population.
Environmental factors include: Frequent intake of food, constant temperature, constant mixing, removal of the products of fermentation by absorption and peristalsis and the stable osmotic environment i.e. normal intake of water.
[[Volatile Fatty Acids|VFA's]] produced include Acetate, Propionate and Butyrate. Factors that promote VFA production include an optimum pH of 6.5, an anaerobic environment and gut motility.
==Liver==
==Liver==
==Pancreas==
==Pancreas==