Changes

*Permanent, abnormal saccular or cylindrical dilation of  bronchi

*Permanent, abnormal saccular or cylindrical dilation of  bronchi

*Accumulation of exudate within the lumen and partial rupture of bronchial walls

*Accumulation of exudate within the lumen and partial rupture of bronchial walls

*Sequel to [[Bronchitis#Chronic bronchitis|chronic bronchitis]] as result of an unresolved persistent [[Lungs Inflammatory - Pathology#Bronchopneumonia|bronchopneumonia]]

*Sequel to [[Bronchitis#Chronic bronchitis|chronic bronchitis]] as result of an unresolved persistent [[Bronchopneumonia|bronchopneumonia]]

*Chronic inflammation within the bronchial mucosa and wall -> release of proteolytic enzymes from [[Neutrophils|neutrophils]] and macrophages  ->  destruction of supporting structures in the bronchial walls (eg: cartilage, connective tissue) -> weakens the bronchial walls and damages lining mucosal epithelial cells and their cilia (damage to mucociliary escalator)

*Chronic inflammation within the bronchial mucosa and wall -> release of proteolytic enzymes from [[Neutrophils|neutrophils]] and macrophages  ->  destruction of supporting structures in the bronchial walls (eg: cartilage, connective tissue) -> weakens the bronchial walls and damages lining mucosal epithelial cells and their cilia (damage to mucociliary escalator)

*[[Atelectasis|Atelectasis]] in the surrounding lung parenchyma results in increased inspiratory effort and increased intrathoracic negative pressure during inspiration

*[[Atelectasis|Atelectasis]] in the surrounding lung parenchyma results in increased inspiratory effort and increased intrathoracic negative pressure during inspiration