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== Prepuce and Penis ==

== Prepuce and Penis ==

* The penis is attached to the prepuce at birth and does not become free until 2 - 3 years of age.

* The penis is attached to the prepuce at birth and does not become free until 2 - 3 years of age.

** Loss of adhesions is a sign of sexual maturity.

** Loss of adhesions is a sign of sexual maturity.

** If castration is prior to the Testosterone peak at the beginning of [[Reproductive System - Anatomy & Physiology#Development_to_Puberty|puberty]], then adhesions may never completely break down.

** If castration is prior to the Testosterone peak at the beginning of [[:Category:Puberty|puberty]], then adhesions may never completely break down.

* Penis is fibroelastic.

* Penis is fibroelastic.

** In the absence of an erection, the penis is retracted into its sheath via a prescrotal sigmoid flexure not a post scrotal sigmoid flexure, as is the case in bulls.

** In the absence of an erection, the penis is retracted into its sheath via a prescrotal sigmoid flexure not a post scrotal sigmoid flexure, as is the case in bulls.

*  The length of the penis ranges from 59 - 68 cm and it is cylindrical in shape

*  The length of the penis ranges from 59 - 68 cm and it is cylindrical in shape

* Process at the end of the penis is firm, composed of [[Bones_and_Cartilage_-_Anatomy_%26_Physiology#Types_of_Cartilage|cartilage]].  

* Process at the end of the penis is firm, composed of [[Cartilage_- Anatomy & Physiology#Types_of_Cartilage|cartilage]].  

** It has a slight clockwise curve to aid insertion of the penis through the [[Female_Reproductive_Tract_-The_Cervix_-_Anatomy_%26_Physiology|cervix]] so that semen can be deposited directly into the [[Female_Reproductive_Tract_-The_Uterus_-_Anatomy_%26_Physiology|uterine horns]].

** It has a slight clockwise curve to aid insertion of the penis through the [[Cervix - Anatomy & Physiology|cervix]] so that semen can be deposited directly into the [[Uterus - Anatomy & Physiology|uterine horns]].

* The glans penis is curved along its vertical plane giving it a hook-shape with a definite neck between the glans and body of the penis.

* The glans penis is curved along its vertical plane giving it a hook-shape with a definite neck between the glans and body of the penis.

* These glands and the pelvic urethra are richly innervated.

* These glands and the pelvic urethra are richly innervated.

** Nerves are responsible for the contraction of the muscle and expulsion of glandular secretions.

** Nerves are responsible for the contraction of the muscle and expulsion of glandular secretions.