Changes

==Characteristics==

==Characteristics==

The bacteria are curved, Gram negative rods with polar flagellum to aid motility. The daughter cells remain joined, giving a gull-wing or spiral appearance. They are microaerophilic and sensitive to drying.  

The bacteria are '''curved, Gram negative rods with polar flagellum''' to aid motility. The daughter cells remain joined, giving a gull-wing or spiral appearance. They are microaerophilic and sensitive to drying.  

Campylobater species can be divided into; Thermophilic species, including [[Campylobacter jejuni|''C.jejuni'']] and C. coli'' and Non-thermophilic species e.g. [[Campylobacter fetus subspecies fetus|''C.fetus'']].  

Campylobater species can be divided into; '''Thermophilic species''', including [[Campylobacter jejuni|''C.jejuni'']] and C. coli'' and '''Non-thermophilic species''' e.g. [[Campylobacter fetus subspecies fetus|''C.fetus'']].  

They can grow on enriched selective media e.g. Skirrow agar in 1-10% carbon dioxide and 5-10% oxygen tension. Many grow on MacConkey, however [[Campylobacter jejuni|''C.jejuni'']] requires increased temperatures for growth.

They can grow on enriched selective media ''e.g.'' '''Skirrow agar''' in 1-10% carbon dioxide and 5-10% oxygen tension. Many grow on '''MacConkey''', however [[Campylobacter jejuni|''C.jejuni'']] requires increased temperatures for growth.

 

C.fetus subspecies ''venerealis'' and subspecies [[Campylobacter fetus subspecies fetus|''C.fetus'']]  have small, round, smooth, translucent colonies.

C.fetus subspecies ''venerealis'' and subspecies [[Campylobacter fetus subspecies fetus|''C.fetus'']]  have small, round, smooth, translucent colonies.

[[Campylobacter jejuni|''C.jejuni'']] has small, flat, grey colonies with watery appearance.  

[[Campylobacter jejuni|''C.jejuni'']] has small, flat, grey colonies with watery appearance.  

Smears are stained with dilute carbol fuschin for 4 minutes.

 

'''Smears''' are stained with dilute '''carbol fuschin''' for 4 minutes.

==Pathogenesis and pathogenicity==

==Pathogenesis and pathogenicity==

''C. fetus'' subspecies [[Campylobacter fetus subspecies fetus|''fetus'']] and subspecies ''venerealis'' possess a microcapsule (S layer) which resists phagocytosis and serum-mediated destruction and enhances survival in the genital tract.

''C. fetus'' subspecies [[Campylobacter fetus subspecies fetus|''fetus'']] and subspecies ''venerealis'' possess a microcapsule (S layer) which resists phagocytosis and serum-mediated destruction and enhances survival in the genital tract.

Antigens of the S layer undergo antigenic shifts in ''C. fetus'' subspecies ''venerealis'', allowing persistence in the host.

Antigens of the S layer undergo antigenic shifts in ''C. fetus'' subspecies ''venerealis'', allowing persistence in the host.

[[Campylobacter jejuni|''C.jejuni'']] attaches and invades host enterocytes and produces enterotoxin-like substances.

[[Campylobacter jejuni|''C.jejuni'']] attaches and invades host enterocytes and produces enterotoxin-like substances.

The Flagellae of [[Campylobacter jejuni|''C.jejuni'']] are required for colonisation.

The Flagellae of [[Campylobacter jejuni|''C.jejuni'']] are required for colonisation.

[[Category:To_Do_-_AimeeHicks]]

[[Category:To_Do_-_AimeeHicks]]

[[Category:Campylobacter_species]]

[[Category:Campylobacter_species]]

[[Category:To_Do_-_Review]]

[[Category:To_Do_-_Review]]