Changes

Two canine viruses have been identified, these are:

Two canine viruses have been identified, these are:

*Canine Parvovirus 1 ('''CPV1'''): avirulent and ubiquitous in the canine populationand

*Canine Parvovirus 1 ('''CPV1'''): avirulent and ubiquitous in the canine population

*Canine Parvovirus 2 ('''CPV2'''): a new virus that emerged in the late 1970's. Antigenic variants do naturally occur.  

*Canine Parvovirus 2 ('''CPV2'''): a new virus that emerged in the late 1970's. Antigenic variants do naturally occur.

 

== Pathogenesis ==

== Pathogenesis ==

Oropharyngeal infection is followed by '''viremia'''. Subsequently there are two distinct syndromes depending on the age of the animal:  

Oropharyngeal infection is followed by '''viraemia'''. Subsequently there are two distinct syndromes depending on the age of the animal:  

#'''Myocarditis''' in puppies aged 3-8 weeks - the virus targets rapidly dividing myocardium leading to sudden death, or '''fading puppy''' syndrome. This is now rare due to widespread passive immunity.  

#'''Myocarditis''' in puppies aged 3-8 weeks - the virus targets rapidly dividing myocardium leading to sudden death, or '''fading puppy''' syndrome. This is now rare due to widespread passive immunity.  

#'''Enteritis''' in puppies 6 weeks of age. The virus targets intestinal crypts, causing the villi to shorten and the destruction of crypt cells, leading to gray, persistent, foul-smelling diarrhoea or [[Gastroenteritis, Haemorrhagic|hemorrhagic enteritis]]. CPV has a high morbidity but low mortality (10%) rate.

#'''Enteritis''' in puppies 6 weeks of age. The virus targets intestinal crypts, causing the villi to shorten and the destruction of crypt cells, leading to gray, persistent, foul-smelling diarrhoea or [[Gastroenteritis, Haemorrhagic|hemorrhagic enteritis]]. CPV has a high morbidity but low mortality (10%) rate.

== Diagnosis ==

== Diagnosis ==

{{Learning

{{Learning

|full text = [http://www.cabi.org/cabdirect/FullTextPDF/2009/20093115250.pdf '''Canine parvovirus: an emerging, re-emerging, significant pathogen of dogs.''' Kapil, S.; The North American Veterinary Conference, Gainesville, USA, Small animal and exotics. Proceedings of the North American Veterinary Conference, Orlando, Florida, USA, 17-21 January, 2009, 2009, pp 650-651, 3 ref.]  

|full text = [http://www.cabi.org/cabdirect/FullTextPDF/2009/20093115250.pdf '''Canine parvovirus: an emerging, re-emerging, significant pathogen of dogs.''' Kapil, S.; The North American Veterinary Conference, Gainesville, USA, Small animal and exotics. Proceedings of the North American Veterinary Conference, Orlando, Florida, USA, 17-21 January, 2009, 2009, pp 650-651, 3 ref.]  

}}

}}