Difference between revisions of "Carnivore Mammary Gland - Anatomy & Physiology"
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| − | == General Structure | + | == General Structure == |
| + | * Each mammary complex consists of '''5-20 mammary units''' and their corresponding ducts. | ||
| + | * Ducts open separately on the tip of the teat. | ||
| + | * Shallow grooves indicate the border between complexes. | ||
| + | * '''Intermammary Sulcus''' divides the right from the left row. | ||
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| + | '''''Bitch''''' | ||
* Usually '''10 mammary complexes'''. | * Usually '''10 mammary complexes'''. | ||
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''N.B: Not always symmetrical and number of complexes may vary 8-12.'' | ''N.B: Not always symmetrical and number of complexes may vary 8-12.'' | ||
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| + | '''''Cat''''' | ||
* Usually '''8 mammary complexes'''. | * Usually '''8 mammary complexes'''. | ||
* Arranged in two bilaterally symmetrical rows. | * Arranged in two bilaterally symmetrical rows. | ||
* Extend from the ventral '''thoracic to abdominal''' region. | * Extend from the ventral '''thoracic to abdominal''' region. | ||
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Revision as of 13:03, 8 July 2008
General Structure
- Each mammary complex consists of 5-20 mammary units and their corresponding ducts.
- Ducts open separately on the tip of the teat.
- Shallow grooves indicate the border between complexes.
- Intermammary Sulcus divides the right from the left row.
Bitch
- Usually 10 mammary complexes.
- Arranged in two bilaterally symmetrical rows.
- Extend from the ventral thoracic to inguinal region.
N.B: Not always symmetrical and number of complexes may vary 8-12.
Cat
- Usually 8 mammary complexes.
- Arranged in two bilaterally symmetrical rows.
- Extend from the ventral thoracic to abdominal region.
Appearance
- Juvenile/non-lactating: inconspicuous mammary complexes with short teats.
- Lactation: Mammary complexes increase in size and become hemi-spherical in shape.
- Varies among breeds and individuals.
Blood Supply
- Additional supply from mammary branches of the lateral thoracic artery.
Lymphatics
- Lymph from the cranial thoracic mammary complex drains into both the axillary and superficial cervical lymph node.
- Lymph from the cranial abdominal mammary complex can either drain into the axillary or superficial inguinal lymph node.
- Lymph from the caudal abdominal mammary complex may also drain into the medial iliac lymph nodes.
- Interconnection between left and right superficial inguinal lymph nodes.
Complications
- Changes characteristic of the cycle of the bitch include growth and proliferation of the mammary gland with each cycle even if the bitch does not conceive.
- Frequent proliferation and subsequent involution predisposes the bitch to mammary tumours.