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Line 15: |
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− | <big>'''''<ncl style=compact maxdepth=2 headings=bullet headstart=2 showcats=1 showarts=1>Category:{{PAGENAME}}</ncl></big> | + | <big>'''''<ncl style=bullet maxdepth=2 headings=bullet headstart=2 showcats=1 showarts=0>Category:{{PAGENAME}}</ncl></big> |
| ''[[Arcanobacterium pyogenes]]'' | | ''[[Arcanobacterium pyogenes]]'' |
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| ===''[[Actinobaculum suis]]''=== | | ===''[[Actinobaculum suis]]''=== |
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− | ===''Nocardia''=== | + | ===''[[Nocardia]]''=== |
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− | *Facultative intracellular bacterium
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− | *Aerobic short branching rods
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− | *Non-motile
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− | *Spores from aerial filaments when cultured
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− | *Grow on Sabouraud dextrose agar
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− | *Cell wall contains mycolic acids (hence slightly acid fast)
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− | *''Nocardia asteroides''
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− | **Found in soil and decaying vegetation - saprophytic
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− | **Opportunistic infection of immunocompromised animals
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− | **Infection via inhalation, wounds or teat canal; also ingestion
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− | **Causes granulomatous lesions in animals
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− | **Canine nocardiosis:
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− | ***Thoracic, [[Bacterial skin infections - Pathology#bacterial granulomatous dermatitis|cutaneous]] and disseminated forms
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− | ***Cutaneous pyogranulomas: ulcers or granulomatous swellings with discharging fistulae
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− | ***[[Peritoneal Cavity Inflammatory - Pathology#In dogs|peritonitis]]
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− | ***[[Respiratory Bacterial Infections - Pathology#Nocardiosis|pleuritis]] and pyothorax with fever, anorexia and respiratory distress
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− | ***Disseminated lesions
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− | ***Treat with appropriate systemic antibiotics for 6 weeks
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− | **Cattle: chronic mastitis; abortion
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− | **Pigs: abortion
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− | **Sheep, goats, horses: wound infections; mastitis; pneumonia
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− | **Survives and multiplies in macrophages
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− | **Superoxide dismutase and catalase as well as a thick peptidoglycan wall prevent activity of phagocytes
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− | **Chronic, progressive disease
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− | **Positive modified Ziehl-Neelson
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− | **Culture on blood agar and incubate under aerobic conditions at 37 degrees centigrade for 10 days
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− | **White, powdery colonies, adherent to the agar appear after 5 days
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− | **Subculture onto Sabouraud dextrose agar yields wrinkled, orange colonies
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− | **Lesions difficult to treat due to resistance of organisms to many antimicrobials (e.g. penicillins)
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− | **Cell-mediated immunity required
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− | *''Nocardia farcinica'' causes bovine farcy, a chronic infection of superficial lymphatic vessels and lymph nodes
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