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| |pagetitle =Effusions | | |pagetitle =Effusions |
| |pagebody =<div style="text-align: left; direction: ltr; margin-left: 1em;"> | | |pagebody =<div style="text-align: left; direction: ltr; margin-left: 1em;"> |
− | '''Effusions'''- Increased amount of fluid in [[Peritoneal cavity - Anatomy & Physiology|peritoneal]], pleural or pericardial cavity. They are not a disease in itself. Effusions indicate pathological process affecting fluid production and/or removal. | + | '''Effusions'''- Increased amount of fluid in [[Peritoneal cavity - Anatomy & Physiology|peritoneal]], pleural or pericardial cavity. They are not diseases in themselves but they indicate the presence of a pathological process which has altered the balance of fluid production and removal. |
− | Classification
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− | *Based on cell counts and total protein ([[Transudate]], [[Modified Transudate]], [[Exudate]]) | + | The classification of effusions is based on its '''total cell count''' and '''total protein content''': |
− | *[[Haemorrhagic Effusion|Haemorrhage]] | + | *[[Transudate|'''Transudates''']] and [[Modified Transudate|'''modified transudates''']] have the lowest protein contents and cell counts. They usually result from imbalances in the Starling forces. |
− | *[[Chylous Effusion]] | + | *[[Exudate|'''Exudates''']] have the highest cell counts and protein contents and usually occur with an inflammatory or neoplastic disease process. |
− | Transudate and modified transudate are usually present in the clinical sign '''"ascites"'''.
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| + | Effusions may also occur when fluids leak into the abdominal or thoracic cavities. Fluids that may be involved include: |
| + | *'''Urine''', producing a '''uroabdomen''' (a [[Modified Transudate|modified transudate]] or [[Exudate|exudate]]). |
| + | *'''Bile''', producing [[Peritonitis - Pathology#Causes of peritonitis|'''bile peritonitis''']] (a [[Modified Transudate|modified transudate]] or [[Exudate|exudate]])). |
| + | *'''Pancreatic juices''' leaking in [[Pancreas - Inflammatory Pathology|'''pancreatitis''']] (a [[Modified Transudate|modified transudate]] or [[Exudate|exudate]]). |
| + | *'''Blood''', producing a '''haemabdomen''' (a [[Haemorrhagic Effusion|haemorrhagic effusion]]). |
| + | *'''Chyle''' (or lymph), producing a [[Chylous Effusion|chylous effusion]] in the thorax or abdomen. |
| + | *'''Pseudochyle''', a mixture of cellular debris and lipid that may resemble a [[Chylous Effusion|chylous effusion]]. |
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− | '''Ectopic sources of fluid''': '''Urine'''(uroabdomen - [[Transudate|transudate]] or [[Modified Transudate|modified transudate]], '''Bile'''
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− | ([[Peritonitis - Pathology#Causes of peritonitis|bile peritonitis]], green in colour, [[Modified Transudate|modified transudate]] or [[Exudate|exudate]]), [[Pancreas - Inflammatory Pathology|'''Pancreatitis''']] ([[Modified Transudate|modified transudate]] or [[Exudate|exudate]]).
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| </div> | | </div> |
| |contenttitle =Content | | |contenttitle =Content |
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| [[Category:Peritoneal Cavity - Pathology]] | | [[Category:Peritoneal Cavity - Pathology]] |
| + | [[Category:To_Do_-_James]] |