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| | |pagetitle =Myocardial Pathology | | |pagetitle =Myocardial Pathology |
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| − | <categorytree mode=pages>Myocardial Pathology</categorytree>
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| − | ==Functional Anatomy==
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| | The myocardium provides the bulk of the heart tissue, and enables the co-ordinated contraction needed for efficient pumping of blood to the body. | | The myocardium provides the bulk of the heart tissue, and enables the co-ordinated contraction needed for efficient pumping of blood to the body. |
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| | The heart cannnot regenerate by hyperplasia and so responds with hypertrophic change in order to maintain normal function. | | The heart cannnot regenerate by hyperplasia and so responds with hypertrophic change in order to maintain normal function. |
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| − | ==Hypertrophy== | + | </b></big> |
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| − | Increased bulk of myocardium due to increased cell size. Estimated most accurately by chamber wall thickness.
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| − | Right sided hypertrophy results in increased heart '''width'''.
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| − | Left sided hypertrophy results in increased heart '''length'''.
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| − | Bilateral hypertrophy results in a '''round''' heart shape.
| + | ==[[Cardiac Hypertrophy]]== |
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| − | *Physiological: In resposnse to exercise in athletic animals E.g. racing greyhounds.
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| − | *Pathological:
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| − | **'''Concentric''': Due to pressure overload E.g. [[Pericarditis#Inflammatory-Pericarditis|restrictive pericarditis]]. Thickened chamber walls with a decreased chamber lumen, often will result in myocardial hypoxia. Fibrosis of the myocardium will restrict chamber expansion and filling at diastole leading to '''diastolic failure'''.
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| − | **'''Eccentric''': Due to volume overload. Increased wall thickness, which may be variable, with a dilated chamber. E.g. mitral regurgitation will result in eccentric hypertrophy of the left atrium.
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| − | When the disease progress occurs too rapidly to allow the heart to adapt dilation will occur. Dilation is also seen at the onset of decompensation of a previously compensating failing heart.
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| | ==Metabolic pathology== | | ==Metabolic pathology== |